MW-assisted treatment of oximinoacetanilides obtained from substituted primary aromatic amines was carried out in conc. H 2 SO 4 medium for 5-10 sec to give cyclic amides (isatins) through intramolecular cyclization by means of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Isatins reacted with thiosemicarbazide under MW-condition gave the corresponding Schiff-bases. The Schiff-bases undergo cyclization in presence of minimal Ac 2 O under MW-irradiation for 3-4 min to give the spiro-thiadiazoline acetyl derivatives in excellent yield.

Background: Mastitis is a multi-factorial and complex contagious disease of animal and public health importance associated with heavy economic loss in dairy industry worldwide. Some inland reports on the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) have been published but reports on clinical mastitis (CM) in lactating goats are very limited in Bangladesh. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of host factors associated with the prevalence of CM in lactating goats of Chattogram City Corporation areas (CCCA). Materials and Methods: This study included 100 selected lactating goats brought for treatment at the two Veterinary medical hospitals which include TVH, CVASU and Upazila Veterinary Hospital, CCCA in Bangladesh during the month of April 2019. The CM was diagnosed in each of the selected lactating goats by visual inspection and physical palpation methods of teat and udder and abnormalities of milk. Results: This study examined clinically 100 lactating goats brought for treatment at the two veterinary hospitals at the CCCA, of which 43.0% affected with CM. Host factors including breeds, age, parity and lactation periods were used to detect their influence on the prevalence of CM in lactating goats. Higher prevalence of CM was recorded in Jamnapari (48.21%) in comparison to crossbred (37.5%) and Black Bengal (33.33%) goats. Higher prevalence of CM was observed in goats aged between 3 and 4 years (53.66%) in comparison to < 2 years (28.57%), 5-6 years (44.44%) and >6 years (50.0%). Influence of parity on the higher prevalence of caprine mastitis was observed during 3 to 4 parities (58.06%), followed by > 6 (28.57%) and < 2 (26.67%) parities. Similarly higher prevalence of CM was recorded in late (60.0%) in comparison to mid (43.90%) and early (33.33%) lactations. Conclusions: An overall 43.00% prevalence of CM recorded in lactating goats at the CCCA where goats are mainly maintained in both semi-intensive and intensive management systems. This study showed some association exists between the host factors and prevalence of CM in lactating goats which suggests the need for prevention of mastitis in goats considering these host factors.