Zusammenfassung
Praxisorientierte epizootologische Untersuchungen über exogene Stadien von Pferde‐strongyliden ergaben Resultate, denen wesentliche Rückschlüsse für den Weidebetrieb abzuleiten sind. Durch einen mit hohen Temperaturen einhergehenden milden Herbst unterstützt, zeigte sich an Vegetationsproben von permanent genutzten Arealen des Bayer. Haupt‐ und Landgestütes Schwaiganger neben der 9. und 16. Weidewoche auch in der 24. ein quantitativ hoher Anteil von Larven. Auf den Weiden dieses Voralpengebietes, welche dagegen mit Unterbrechungen oder erst später bestoßen wurden, fielen diese Gesetzmä‐ßigkeiten nicht auf. Zwischen taunaß bei Sonnenaufgang und abgetrocknet gegen Mittag entnommenen Proben ergab sich eine Reduktion von 85 %; an bereift gewonnenem Gras war kurz vor Weideabtrieb der Larvenanteil bemerkenswert erhöht und deutet auf ein verstärktes Infektionsrisiko für Pferde noch kurz vor der Aufstallung hin. Während ab August/September nicht genutzte Flächen im darauffolgenden Frühjahr larvenfrei waren und sofort beweidet werden können, ist auf bis Saisonende begangenen Arealen ein Überwintern exogener Stadien gewährleistet; diese Flächen sind erst später den Pferden zugänglich zu machen. Durch eine Therapie zwei Wochen vor einem zu erwartenden Larvenmaximum war es möglich, dieses erheblich zu reduzieren und damit während der Weidesaison sehr entscheidend in das Infektionsgeschehen einzugreifen.
Summary
Seasonal dynamics of horse strongyle larvae and its relationship to risk of infection at pasture
Practice‐orientated spizootiological studies on the exogenous stages of horse strongyles gave results which carry important consequences in relation to grazing. During a mild autumn with high temperatures samples of herbage from areas grazed permanently by Bavarian horses showed an increased number of larvae between weeks 9 and 16 and in week 24 at pasture. On the grazing area at the foot of the Alps where there were breaks in grazing or grazing occurred later, this situation did not apply. Between a moist pasture at sunrise and of drying‐out by sunshine by midday, pasture samples showed a reduction in larvae of 85 %; just before the animals were taken off the pasture at the end of the day the larval count was high and so produced an increased risk for the horses shortly before their transfer to stalls. Whereas pasture not grazed from August—September until the following spring was free from larvae and could safely be grazed again, areas grazed right up to the end of the season allowed overwintering of exogenous larval stages; these areas should only be used to graze horses later in the succeeding year. By treatment two weeks before the expected larval maximal population it was possible to reduce the infestation greatly and so allow effective control of the infection during the grazing season.
Résumé
A propos de la dynamique saisonnière des larves de strongylidés des chevaux et du rapport avec le risque d'infection au pâturage
Des recherches épizootologiques orientées sur la pratique concernant les stades e...
Summary
In spring 1992 in Jordan 70 flocks of sheep and goats were investigated coproscopically. 838 of altogether 882 small ruminants (=95.01%) harboured endoparasites. In three different parts of the country — in the vicinities of Ma'an, Kerak and Amman — the results were similar (Dictyocaulus, Nematodirus, Moniezia) or they differed (protostrongylids, Marshallagia and other trichostrongylids, Eimeria).
In connection with the established parasite status remarks concerning the therapy, including the problems involved as well as remarks concerning the time of treatment in the investigated area will be made. Finally, suggestions will be made for important and specialized follow‐up studies regarding improvement of the situation in this country.
In a study of the morphology of the posterior ends of O. tricuspis, it could firstly be recognized that not only the adult females but also the LII to LIV possess five cusps. They have apparently been partly overlooked by microscopic examination because of their appearance in different optical planes.
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