Malaysia is actively working to move towards renewable energy (RE) generation for sustainable growth. Hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) and solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) feature emerging RE technologies that can supersede conventional power generation performance. HFC and PVT utilize renewable resources, which are hydrogen, oxygen and sunlight, to produce electricity without compromising the environment. However, no in-depth evaluation has been conducted to assist the decision-making of Malaysia’s HFC and PVT technology penetration. This study provides decisions on the feasibility and viability of HFC and PVT based on the Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threat (SWOT) and Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environment (PESTLE) analyses. Based on the SWOT-PESTLE analysis, PVT exhibits great potential in Malaysia’s RE portfolio compared to HFC. Technology readiness and social acceptance are the merits of PVT diffusion in Malaysia. Nevertheless, this preliminary decision entails validation from the industries and experts to underpin the shorthand assessment of the present work

Chitosan decorated copper nanoparticles catalysts (CSCuNPs) were synthesized via reduction methods utilizing green protocol. The CSCuNPs catalysts were tested for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives utilizing one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) under ultrasonic irradiation. The best catalyst (Cu-CS-NPs) that provided good conversion reaction yield and high turnover frequency (TOF) was characterized using FTIR, TGA, XRD, TEM and XPS techniques. Generalization of the scope of the proposed catalytic process was studied using different aldehydes. Excellent products yield and high TOF in even shorter reaction time (~5 min) was attained. Recyclability performance of the catalyst over five times re-use without detectable loss in product yield was recorded. The current method is green process utilizing environmentally benign catalyst and considered to be promising sustainable protocol for the synthesis of fine chemicals.

Chitosan decorated copper nanoparticles catalysts (CSCuNPs) were synthesized via reduction methods utilizing green protocol. The catalytic performance of CSCuNPs were tested for one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) using four reactant components: aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, ammonium acetate and ethylcyanoacetate under ultrasonic irradiation. The best catalyst (Cu-CS-NPs) that provided good conversion reaction yield and high turnover frequency (TOF) utilizing a facile and fast ultrasonic process was characterized using FTIR, TGA, XRD, TEM and XPS techniques. Generalization of the scope of the proposed catalytic process was studied using different aldehydes and excellent products yields and high TOF in even shorter reaction time (5 min.) was attained. Recyclability performance of the catalyst over five times re-use without detectable loss in product yield was recorded. The current method is green process utilizing environmentally benign catalyst and considered to be promising sustainable protocol for the synthesis of fine chemicals.

Dyes are coloured compound which are widely used in textile, painting, rubber, cosmetics, plastics and leather industry to colour their products. However, the irresponsibility of certain manufacturer results in producing dye waste and channel it to water resources had become one of the biggest challenges in water pollution. In this study, an effective solid adsorbent derived from sustainable sources for adsorption capacity study was produced which is silver nanoparticles loaded activated carbon (Ag NPs – AC) to remove crystal violet (CV) dye. Adsorption process are cost – effective, simple and flexible with various dye pollutants. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was synthesized from Clitorea Ternatea flower extract that utilizes functions as stabilizing agents for silver nitrate (AgNO3) to promotes environmental friendly with no toxic chemicals produced and loaded in activated carbon (AC). Characterization of Ag NPs was analysed using UV-Visible which correspond to peak at 408 nm and XRD analysis. Four peaks values for silver at 2θ of 38.19°, 44.43°, 64.57°, 77.43° and average crystallite size of Ag NPs and Ag NPs – AC were calculated to be 16.11 nm and 36.13 nm respectively that were obtained from XRD pattern. The adsorption capacity of Ag NPs – AC was analysed and the optimum conditions were determined using different parameters which are the Ag NPs - AC ratio (1.0 g), contact time (240 min), adsorbent dosage (30 mg) and pH of CV dye (10). The highest percentage removal of CV dye using Ag NPs – AC was recorded up to 97% at 240 min with 30 mg dosage. Ag NPs – AC as adsorbent is a promising advanced materials in removing water pollutants with viable conditions and can applied in the wastewater treatment industry.