Quinoline derivatives R 0410 Synthesis and Screening of Quinolone Antibiotic Isosteres. -5 Title compounds of type (V) and (IX) are prepared and screened for their antimicrobial effects. (V) shows a promising activity. -(SHABAN, M. A.; AL BADRY, O. M.; KAMAL*, A. M.; ABD EL-GAWAD, M. A. E. W.; J. Chem. Res. 2008, 12, 715-718; Dep. Pharm. Org.

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Spatial distribution of soil salinity, alkalinity, calcium carbonate, organic matter and soil texture (grid system-log distance of 2 km) was identified and mapped throughout Youssef El-Sedik District area, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt, using ARC-GIS format. It was found that the ECe ranged between 0.68 and 132 dSm -1 and from 0.92 to 82 dSm -1 within the upper 10 cm and the (10 -50 cm) soil layers, respectively. The data showed that 91.23 % and 78.97 % of the study area within the upper10cm and the (10 -50 cm) layers respectively have ECe > 4 dSm -1 . About 47.62 and 30.39 % of the district soils have ECe values > 10 dSm -1 within the upper and subsurface layers, respectively, indicating that salt-affected soils are distributed throughout the study area. About 92.53 % of soils were calcareous (> 10 % CaCO 3 equivalent) due to the nature of parent material from which soils of the study area are evolved. Soil pH more than 7.5 was found in about 46.69 % and less than 1 % of soils have pH values > 8.0 with a greatest pH value of 8.2. The organic matter contents seldom exceeded 2 % in Youssef El-Sedik soils. Several different soil texture classes were found, however 46.38 % and 42.65 % of the soils were of clay texture within the (0 -10 cm) and (10 -50 cm) layers, respectively.