http://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/ Toxicological and Biological Studies on Using Lufenuron, Chlorpyrifos, Spinosad and Emamectin Benzoate Insecticides for Controlling Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.

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Four field experiments were conducted at EL-Minia Governorate in new reclaimed sandy (samalout District , west bank of the Nile ) and Mallawi Agricultural Research station , during the two successive seasons in 1999/ 2000 and 2000 / 2001 to study the effect of biofertilizer on barley productivity under new reclaimed sandy and silty clay loam soils . The studied characters were number of spikes / m 2 , plant height in cm , spike length in cm , number of kernels / spike , weight of kernels / spike in gm , 1000 -kernels weight in gm , grain yield in ardab / fed and straw yield in ton / fed Results showed that the application of biofertilizer with the recommended doses of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers under new reclaimed sandy and Silty clay soils in middle Egypt increased significantly the most characters of barley crop compared with the control without the application of biofertilizer. Also application of biofertilizer significantly increased plant height , number of spikes / m2 , grain yield (ardab / fed ) and straw yield ( ton / fed ) in both seasons compared with the treatment of control without application of biofertilizer. while spike length and number of kernels / spike were significantly increased in the second season and the first season . respectively , The increases of spikes/ m 2 with application of biofertilizer compared with control in new reclaimed sandy soil were 40.90 % in the first season and 25.58 % in the second one while in silty clay soils the percentage of increases reached 15.32% in the first season and 15.30 % in the second one However the average increase percentages in new reclaimed sandy and silty clay loam soils were 25.52 % in the first season and 20.02% in the second oneThe increases in grain yield due to using biofertilizer compared with control in sandy soil were 47.36 % in the first season and 26.49% in the second one but in silty clay loam the increase percentages were 19.50 in the first season and 20.18 in the second one while the mean percentages in sandy and silty clay were 33.45% and 23.39% in the first and the second seasons respectively . The increases of straw yield as a result of using biofertilizer in sandy soil were 61.79% in the first season and 33.33% in the second one while in silty clay loam increase the percentages were 8.58% in the first season and 16.79% in the second one. However the average increase percentages in sandy and silty clay loam were : 28.25 % in the first season and 23.69% in the second one . The percentages of increases due to using biofertilizer with nitrogen and phosphate recommend on number of spikes / m2 , grain and straw yields obtained more amount in new reclaimed sandy than the silty clay . Thus , it can be concluded that application of biofertilizer with the recommended doses of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers gave the maximum productivity of barley crop in new sandy more amount than silty clay loam under EL-Minia governorate conditions .

The aim of this investigation is to study some pre-and postharvesting treatments affecting yield, quality and storability of "Samani" datepalm fruits. The field experiments were carried out in Al Bousily Research Station in El Behira governorate, Egypt in seasons of 2019 1nd 2020. The effect of growth regulators such as: Naphthalene Acetic Acid "NAA" (80 and 90 mg/l at hababak stage and 50 and 60 mg/l at the beginning of fruit color break). and N-2-chloro-4-pyridyl-N-phenylurea "CPPU" (5 and 10 mg/l at hababak stage and 10 and 15 mg/l at the beginning of fruit color break) on yield and physical and chemical characteristics were investigated In addition, the effect of dipping the fruits in oils such as: lemongrass (0.4 and 0.8 %) and peppermint (4 and 8 %) and cold-storage durations of zero, 15, 30 and 45 day on physical and chemical characteristics (weight loss, total soluble solids content (TSS), acidity, TSS/acidity ratio, tannins, chlorophyll and carotene) were evaluated during storage period. The best growth regulator which gave the suitable yield and physical and chemical characteristics of "Samani" dates was NAA "90 mg/l at hababak stage and 60 mg/l at the beginning of fruit color break". It gave "Samani" date-fruits yield of 283.