Introduction: Cardiomyopathy is the disorder of the heart muscles which can be dilated, hypertrophic or restrictive type. Dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by genetic and non-genetic causes but many of the causes are still not known. Echocardiography is an important imaging technique to diagnose and manage dilated cardiomyopathy. Aims: This study aims to assess the clinical and echocardiographic findings among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College from January 2021 to June 2021. A total of 61 patients with dilated Cardiomyopathy were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent. Clinical examination and echocardiographic findings were recorded and data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: The participants included 31 men and 30 women with dilated cardiomyopathy. The mean age of the participants was 58.49 + 15.46 years. The most common complaint was shortness of breath 84.5% and the most common clinical presentation was bilateral basal crepitation 98.4%. The patients mostly had diastolic left ventricle internal diameter of 5.5-6 cm and ejection fraction of 21-30%. Mitral regurgitation was observed among most 58(95.1%) of the patients. Conclusion: This study concludes that shortness of breath and bilateral basal crepitation are the most common presentation. Left ventricle dilation, reduced ejection fraction and mitral regurgitation are seen among majority of the patients.

Primary testicular germ cell tumors (PGCT) can be classified as seminomatous and non-seminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) types. Mixed germ cell tumors (MGCT), a subtype of NSGCT, contain more than one germ cell components. Here, we present a rare case of a MGCT composed of yolk sack tumor and teratoma which had a continuous large abdominal and retroperitoneal extension. A 43 years old male presented with complaints of discomfort and swelling over the right inguinoscrotal region. Ultrasonography (USG) showed a large ill-defined heteroechoic mass in the right inguinoscrotal region with vascularity and without separate visualization of right testis. Subsequent contrast enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) showed large enhancing mass in the right scrotal sac which was continuous with large abdominopelvic and retroperitoneal mass through the right inguinal canal. Tru-Cut biopsy of the scrotal mass showed MGCT with yolk sac and teratoma component. Patient underwent 6 cycles of chemotherapy followed by Right Radical Inguinal Orchidectomy.