Climate change is one of the biggest problems for growing crops in a sustainable way around the world. At the cotton research station in Bahawalpur, th is experiment aimed to assess and classify cotton genotypes under conditions of heat stress. The study was done using RCBD with three replications. The distance between plants was 30 cm, and the distance between rows was kept at 75 cm. For key plant and fiber quality traits, data were taken from ten fully guarded plants and chosen randomly. Under conditions of heat stress, ANOVA showed that there were highly significant differences among the plant traits that were studied. The correlation coefficient analysis showed that seed cotton yield has a positive correlation with plant height (r = 0.46), plant population per hectare (r = 0.33), sympodial branches per plant (r = 0.27), number of bolls per plant (r = 0.27) and nodes per plant (r = 0.27) but a negative relationship with staple length (r = -0.35). The multivariate statistical methods of principal component and cluster analysis were used to describe cotton genotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the most productive and heat-tolerant cotton genotypes were BH-200, BH-254, CIM-600, and BH-341. Also, BH-284 seemed more resistant to CLCuV than the other genotypes. So, rigorous, large-scale, and multilocation testing must be done on these cotton genotypes and plant traits to make cotton genotypes that can handle heat and CLCuV

Post-Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH) is a common complication after spinal anesthesia, particularly in obstetric populations. The choice of needle insertion technique, either midline or paramedian, may impact the incidence of PDPH. Previous studies have shown conflicting results, necessitating further investigation in specific patient populations. This prospective study aimed to compare the incidence of PDPH between the midline and paramedian approaches. One hundred twenty-two participants were included and divided equally into two groups (Group M and Group P). Patient demographics, including age, body mass index (BMI), gender distribution, type of surgery, and ASA physical status, were recorded. The occurrence of PDPH within the first three postoperative days was assessed and compared between the two groups. The mean age of the study population was 37 ± 9.55 years, with no significant difference between Group M and Group P (p = 0.09). BMI, gender distribution, type of surgery, and ASA physical status also showed no significant differences between the groups.Regarding PDPH incidence, 6.6% of participants in Group M and 4.9% in Group P experienced PDPH. The overall incidence of PDPH in the entire sample was 5.7%. However, the p-value for comparing the occurrence of PDPH between the two groups was 0.698, indicating no statistically significant difference. This study found no significant difference in the incidence of PDPH between the midline and paramedian approaches. These results align with previous studies that have explored the association between needle insertion techniques and PDPH incidence.