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With the growth of the human population, non-timber forest products of animal origin, such as grasshoppers, could be an approach to the solution of food shortage. The variegated grasshopper is an edible insect and an agricultural pest in several African countries. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, the level and reasons of consumption and non-consumption of this grasshopper in different ethnic groups in the south part of Cameroon. An individual structured survey, conducted from January to February 2018, among ten ethnic groups revealed that 99% of the participants know the variegated grasshopper. It has 22 local names, with mba’assana as the most common name. This grasshopper is mainly used for consumption (93.7%) and the level of consumption is higher among the Mbamois, Bulu, Ntumu, Pygmies and Maka people. It is used as medicine (3.9%), to treat splenomegaly, umbilical hernia, and to prevent rheumatism and benign prostatic hypertrophy. It is also used in traditional rites (0.6%) (Eton) and as a source of income (0.6%) (Ewondo). People consume the variegated grasshopper mainly because of its good taste and high nutritional value (73.24%). The adult is the stage mostly consumed when fried. The Bassa also consume the larvae (6%). Those who refuse the insect mostly talk of its bad odour and that its consumption can lead to the appearance of various pathologies (3.6%) such as cramps, stomach pain, paralysis, allergy, diarrhoea, nerve pain, abdominal pain, poisoning, vomiting and death. The repellent gland could be involved in the toxicity related to the consumption of this grasshopper. For the Bulu people, poor cooking is a risk factor. Further studies are needed on the potential risks of the variegated grasshopper before it could be recommended for general human consumption.

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