Ongoing failure to resolve how wildlife and people can co-exist on private land contributes to the global decline of wildlife populations. Experience in Tasmania, Australia suggests a disconnect between wildlife researchers, environmental agencies, and private landholders that prevents new scientific insights from translating into improved wildlife management practices. This case study based on a participatory action research model, describes a wildlife conservation initiative called WildTracker. WildTracker created handson collaborations among private landholders, university researchers, and the Tasmanian Land Conservancy (TLC). Landholders from 3 regions (total area 9977 km 2 ) participated in an iterative 2-year research process involving problem-framing workshops, data collection (mammals, birds, and habitat) using wildlife cameras and sound recorders, data analysis, and discussion of results. Participants contributed more than 2,000 hours to the project, resulting in more than 500,000 wildlife observations, with many landholders now implementing research findings, guided by locality-specific data on wildlife populations, feral animals, and habitat condition. WildTracker has evolved from a short-term participatory research project into an ongoing collaborative citizen science program that is documenting and contributing to on-the-ground and evolving wildlife conservation outcomes.

Lethal and quasi-lethal effects produced by monochromatic ultra-violet irradiation of biological material representing the phyla Bacteria, Fungi, Angiospermae, Protozoa and Arthropoda have been observed and recorded over a range of wavelengths from 254 to 365 mµ. Although the materials represent high and low forms in both vegetable and animal kingdoms, there is a striking similarity in their behaviour. There is a sudden increase in the lethal effect between 313 and 297 mµ, in every case. Although the curves connecting lethal dose with wave-length are closely similar in all cases, the absolute magnitudes of doses are widely different. The ratio of lethal doses for different material may be as high as two hundred to one at corresponding wave-lengths. The ratio of the greatest to the least dose recorded is of the order of a million to one. Tables and curves are given recording lethal and quasi-lethal doses for the different materials at different wave-lengths, and brief accounts of the conditions in which the experiments were conducted are given in the text. An interesting correlation is exhibited between the form of the lethal dose curves and the ultra-violet radiation in daylight.

Wildlife on private land is under threat from anthropogenic drivers including climate change, invasive species, and habitat loss. Effective management of private lands for wildlife conservation requires locally relevant knowledge about wildlife populations, habitat condition, threatening ecological processes, and social drivers of and barriers to conservation. Collaborative socio-ecological research can inform wildlife management by integrating the local ecological and social knowledge of private landholders with the scientific and applied knowledge of researchers and practitioners. In privately owned landscapes, landholders are an often-overlooked source of local ecological knowledge, which develops and changes through continuous interaction and engagement with their environment and community. Here we report on a transdisciplinary socio-ecological research collaboration called WildTracker involving 160 landholders in Tasmania, Australia. This wildlife-focused citizen science project generated and integrated local ecological and social knowledge in the research process. The project gathered quantitative and qualitative data on wildlife ecology, land management practices, and landholder learning via wildlife cameras, sound recorders, workshops, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. Through this on-going collaboration, landholders, researchers, and conservation practitioners established relationships based on mutual learning, gathering, and sharing knowledge and insights about wildlife conservation. Our project highlights how local ecological knowledge develops and changes continuously through processes of enquiry and interaction with other knowledge holders including researchers and conservation practitioners. Collaborative enquiry involving landholders and researchers can produce rich cultural and ecological insights derived from the direct experience and observation of landholders, complementing quantitative assessments of wildlife populations and habitat condition.