Although simazine application to flooded soil at flowering time increases the percent protein in the rice grain, it is accompanied by a decrease in grain yield which can be attributed to increased sterility. This decrease in grain yield consequently lowers the total grain protein production per crop. Application of simazine to young rice plants grown in culture solution increased the nitrogen content of the blades, sheaths plus culms, and roots. The increase, however, is not the result of an increase in nitrogen uptake by the rice plant. The reduction in dry weight accounts for the increase in percent nitrogen.

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S OME growth regulators stimulate plant growth at low concentrations but inhibit growth at high concentrations. Most reports on the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on plants deal with inhibitory aspects of herbicidal concentrations (8). Juvenile beans have been used extensively in studies of the herbicidal effects of 2,4-D (1, 3, 4), but few studies deal with stimulatory concentrations on young bean plants. Taylor (5, 6) was among the first to report an increase in soybean plant dry weight from low rates of 2,4-D in nutrient solutions. Weaver (7) applied 2,4-D aqueous solution to the leaves of young red kidney beans and soybeans at rates of 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 grams actual chemical per square yard. All treatments, measured 31 days after application, reduced plant weight and delayed pod appearance. Swanson (4) reported significant increase in cambial activity in young red kidney beans with the lethal rate of 0.1% aqueous foliar-applied 2,4-D sprays. Leonard (3) reported that aqueous solutions of the triethylamine salt of 2,4-D (150 ppm) slightly increased fresh weight of bean plants 14 days after application to seedling plants. Wort (9, 10) reported that foliar-applied composite dusts or sprays containing a high concentration of 2,4-D and micronutrients increased the early growth and ultimate yield of several crop plants, including beans. The herbicidal and injurious effects of 2,4-D sprays and dusts were decreased or completely eliminated by previous, simultaneous, or subsequent foliar application of salts of iron or copper. This study was designed to extend available data on 2,4-D by determining stimulatory levels as well as herbicidal concentrations. It was of additional interest to determine the effects of foliar-applied iron, chelate iron, and a

‘ND Dawn’ (Reg. no. CV‐30, PI 694866), a semi‐dwarf, semi‐leafless, large‐seeded yellow field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar, was developed by the pulse crops breeding program at North Dakota State University and approved for release by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. ND Dawn, the first yellow field pea cultivar from the program, was developed by the bulk‐pedigree method. Based on 18 environments (location‐years) of yield trials across North Dakota, ND Dawn had similar seed yield (2,843 kg ha−1) with the commercial yellow pea cultivars ‘AC Agassiz’ (2,875 kg ha−1) and ‘DS Admiral’ (2,799 kg ha−1) but significantly greater than ‘CDC Golden’ (2,633 kg ha−1). ND Dawn was also tested across eight environments in Montana, where it had an average seed yield of 3,803 kg ha−1, which was significantly greater than ‘Delta’ (3,554 kg ha−1) but similar to DS Admiral (3,686 kg ha−1) or AC Agassiz (3,565 kg ha−1). ND Dawn matures in approximately 94 d. It is resistant to lodging, with a plant height index of 0.66. It has uniform round seed, with size larger than Agassiz, a medium‐seeded yellow pea cultivar. ND Dawn's protein content, 24%, is acceptable to get a premium price in the current market for high‐protein pea. ND Dawn and AC Agassiz exhibited similar responses to Fusarium root rot based on a field trial inoculated with multiple Fusarium species pathogenic to pea. In an irrigated field trial conducted under high Ascochyta blight pressure, ND Dawn yielded similarly to AC Agassiz and ‘CDC Striker’ despite having a higher leaf necrosis percentage. Other agronomic traits of ND Dawn are within market acceptable ranges.

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