Background: Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes various bioactive adipocytokines, such as adiponectin. Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and antiatherosclerotic properties. Therefore, it may act as a protector against multiple metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In addition, it may have a relationship with some gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastro-esophageal reflux disease, gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Aim of Study: Aim of the work: The main contribution of this work is to determine the relation between plasma adiponectin level and peptic ulcer disease which was diagnosed previously by endoscopy. Subjects and Methods: This study was carried out on 60 patients and 20 healthy control individuals, who were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination and Body Mass Index (BMI) measurement. Laboratory investigations were carried out including Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Complete Blood Count (CBC), liver function tests, renal function tests, helicobacter pylori antigen in stool, serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol and serum adiponectin level. Upper GIT endoscopy was used for screening the individuals to diagnose gastritis or ulcer. Results: A negative correlation was established between endoscopically diagnosed patients with Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) and gastritis and plasma adiponectin level. Conclusion: Patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastritis had low plasma adiponectin level.