The prevalence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in 300 fresh beef and 150 roasted beef samples from Kano city Nigeria was determined, by direct plating on Sorbitol MacConkey agar (CT-SMAC) supplemented with Cefexime 50µg/L and Potassium tellurite 25mg/L and resuscitation on Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) at 25 0 C for two hours for roasted beef samples. Presumptive colonies were confirmed by using E. coli 0157:H7 latex agglutination test kit. Prevalence rate of 53% was obtained in fresh beef and 25.3% in roasted beef. Consumption of inadequately cooked beef poses a serious risk of infection. The study therefore stressed the need for health authorities to educate and put in place efficient surveillance strategies for detection and control of possible outbreaks of E. coli O157:H7 in the society.

Background Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) or iron deficiency (ID) is by far the most common form of disorder affecting the cognitive development, physical growth and school performance of children in developing countries including Nigeria. Objectives In the present study, we aimed to examine whether IDA or ID, or both are associated with oxidative stress or otherwise by assessing the perturbations in oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Methods Here, a total of eighty-one IDA, ID, and healthy control subjects of twenty-seven replicates each, were recruited and investigated. Human serum MDA, CAT and SOD levels were quantitatively analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay. Results Mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) and ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) groups were found to perturb significantly ( p < 0.05), being higher than those of control (3.30 ± 0.95 mmol/L) subjects. Similarly, mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) group was found to be significantly ( p < 0.05) higher when compared with ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) subjects. Conversely, mean serum CAT and SOD activities of IDA (8.35 ± 2.21 ng/mL and 340.70 ± 153.65 ng/mL) group were found to differ significantly ( p < 0.05), and those of ID (9.40 ± 1.47 ng/mL and 435.00 ± 144.75 ng/mL) subjects were found to perturb slightly ( p > 0.05), being lower than those of control (10.40 ± 4.31 ng/mL and 482.12 ± 258.37 ng/mL) subjects. Conclusions Taken together, the results of the present study showed that lipid peroxidation was dramatically increased in both IDA and ID subjects in hydroperoxide-superoxide-dependent manner; in contrast, enzymatic antioxidant capacity was drastically decreased in both IDA and ID groups as evidenced by biochemical markers.

The rising trend of resistance in Acintobacter baumannii had in recent days become a public health care concern with most literature reported from samples collected from hospital environment. This research therefore, wishes to determine the occurrence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in birds' droppings, associated with irrigated farms vegetables, for epidemiological update and future clinical forecast. Forty eight birds fecal samples were collected and processed for isolation and identification of A. baumannii on MacConkey agar and Microbact 24E (Oxoid), and tested against 10 commonly used antibiotics (quinolones, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides). A. baumannii was isolated from 31.25% of samples and had shown more resistant to ceporex (100.00%) and to streptomycin with 80.00% and 90.00% for Jakara and Sharada farms' fecal samples respectively; isolates were however sensitive to co-trimoxazole. Forty eight (46.67%) of the isolates were resistant to at least 6 drugs, with strong correlation between some drugs. By this result, wild birds' fecal materials demonstrate high potential of A. baumannii carrying capacity and dissemination, and thus pose risk of contaminating vegetables, infecting human and transmitting resistance phenotype to other non-multidrug-resistant bacteria-a situation quite challenging to health care management and public health. And thus it further suggests for screening of additional probable contributing factors, so as to develop possible detailed transmission pathway and control strategies.

Impact of indiscriminate discharge of abattoir wastewater has been a major cause of concern globally due to its negative effect on public and environmental health. Lack of wastewater treatment plants and guidelines for proper disposal in many developing countries generates other numerous ecological problems to the affected countries. Its role as a nutrient-provider for pathogenic microorganisms was highlighted by many researchers. Treatment of abattoir wastewater remains the main reliable and efficient means of reducing environmental pollution it may consequently cause. Environmental pollutants released through wastewater by abattoirs may be complicated due changes brought about by additional substance used during animal processing. Several methods adopted by abattoirs were reported to be effective. However, the need for improvement in line with environmentally friendly guidelines is recommended

No abstract