No abstract

Intraabdominal infections are commonly encountered in clinical practice and represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The most common etiology is contamination of the peritoneal space by endogenous microflora secondary to loss of integrity of the gastrointestinal tract which results in secondary peritonitis. Primary peritonitis or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is less common and usually occurs in the presence of ascites without an evident source of infection. Peritonitis associated with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is not discussed in this review. This review summarizes the significant progress which has been made with regard to primary and secondary peritonitis in the last two decades. The review emphasizes the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, microbiology, diagnosis, medical treatment and prevention.

No abstract

This study was designed to correlate the clonogenic capacity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression level and P-gp-mediated efflux capacity. Fifty AML cell samples were tested for P-gp expression using MRK16 monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry. Among them, 12 samples were selected for sorting experiments according to the following two criteria: their clonogenic capacity in methylcellulose in the presence of 5637 conditioned medium, and the heterogeneity of P-gp distribution in leukemic cells. For each of these 12 samples, leukemic cells which displayed the highest P-gp expression level (P-gp ؉؉ ) and P-gp ؊ leukemic cells were sorted after MRK16 staining and seeded into methylcellulose for primary clonogenic assay. In each case, the number of CFU-L in the P-gp − fraction was significantly higher than that of the P-gp dull and Rh 123 bright populations, respectively. Altogether this study suggests that, for an individual AML cell population, the clonogenic fraction is preferentially recruited in AML cells which display low P-gp expression and high P-gp-mediated efflux capacity.