Critiquing systems, a special kind of knowledge-based systems, can be seen as a personal assistant helping to reflect on a particular design and to improve it. They have successfully demonstrated their capability to aid users during design tasks. Critiquing systems make knowledge and expertise of different domain experts available to end users of authoring tools. Unfortunately it is a quite demanding and time consuming task to get the expertise of different distributed domain experts into such a system and to maintain it. That might explain why many critiquing systems only exist as prototypical implementations. We propose a collaborative development environment for supporting domain experts in constructing design-oriented critiquing systems. Our approach intends to support rapid prototyping, establishment and maintenance of critiquing systems. Especially domain experts not familiar with programming shall be enabled to participate in this process. We expect to improve and to ensure the knowledge base's quality by supporting information exchange and negotiation processes between domain experts.

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Design-oriented critiquing systems have successfully demonstrated their capability to aid users in designing artifacts. They can be seen as personal assistants helping to reflect on a particular design and to improve it. For doing so, design-oriented critiquing systems make knowledge and expertise of domain experts available to end users of authoring tools. Unfortunately, it is a quite demanding and time consuming task to compile the expertise of domain experts and to maintain it.We present a collaborative development environment for supporting domain experts in building design-oriented critiquing systems. In this article we focus on assisting domain experts in building a consistent and preferably complete knowledge base of a domain. A knowledge base forms the basis of a critiquing system. Well-structured negotiation processes clear up predictable disagreements arising when domain experts from various disciplines compile their knowledge collaboratively. Considering that experts are not necessarily familiar with programming we provide means for rapid prototyping and maintenance of design-oriented critiquing systems.

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3D-graphics become popular in a steadily increasing number of areas like entertainment, scientific visualization, simulation, and virtual reality. Despite this rapid growth the generation of animated 30 scenes is still by no means trivial. Since animated 30 objects evolve over time we denote these objects as 4D. This article presents a: novel approach to the rapid prototyping of 4D models. W e introduce the A A L (Animated Agent Layer) system. A A L is an interpreterbased approach covering a textual ( A A L -P R ) as well as a visual command language ( A A L -V L ) f o r the spec-ification of the dynamics i n 4 0 scenes. A A L provides support f o r different levels of abstraction: primitives, structured objects, animated objects, and animated (autonomous) agents.