A 44-year-old female developed confluent, dusky red, pruritic labial papules clinically suspected to be genital warts. She had a long-standing history of Crohn's disease with vulvar fistulae. The papular eruption developed after several bouts of cellulitis in a region of vulvar lymphedema. Shave biopsy of a papule exhibited papillated epidermal hyperplasia overlying a dermis with a 'Swiss-cheese' appearance secondary to lymphedema and superficial ectatic thin-walled vascular spaces characteristic of lymphangiectasias. Review of published cases reveals that acquired lymphangiomas often affect the vulva compared to other cutaneous sites and can be associated with surgery, radiation therapy, infection (e.g., erysipelas, tuberculosis), Crohn's disease, congenital dysplastic angiopathy and congenital lymphedema. Rather than translucent vesicles ('frog spawn') typical of extragenital cutaneous lymphangiomas, vulvar lymphangiomas often present as verrucous papules that can be mistaken for genital warts. In this case, we believe that the combination of vulvar Crohn's disease and recurrent cellulitis resulted in local lymphatic destruction, lymphedema and ultimately symptomatic lymphangiectasias that mimicked genital warts.
In a phase 2 study of patients with symptomatic celiac disease and histologic evidence of significant duodenal mucosal injury, latiglutenase did not improve histologic and symptom scores when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences in change from baseline between groups. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT01917630.
Pulsed dye laser therapy is highly effective and safe therapy for facial verrucae. This method appears to selectively destroy warts without damaging surrounding skin.
Rheumatoid nodules, which affect the subcutis around joints, are the most frequent specific cutaneous lesions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Panniculitis is a rarely reported and nonspecific complication of RA. We report a 42-year-old woman with seropositive RA who presented with a 2-month history of lower leg panniculitis. Biopsy of a leg nodule showed a lobular neutrophilic infiltrate with lipophages and central basophilic necrosis. In addition, focal changes of lipomembranous fat necrosis indicative of ischemic damage were identified at the margins of the lobular infiltrate. Neutrophilic lobular panniculitis is commonly detected in panniculitis secondary to bacterial infections, pancreatitis, and factitial causes. However, this pattern of panniculitis has also been reported in some cases of erythema nodosum-like lesions found in Behçet disease or bowel bypass syndrome and in rare cases of seropositive RA. These reported histologic findings fall into the spectrum of neutrophilic vascular reactions described by Jorizzo and Daniels for RA-associated dermatoses. In view of these findings. RA and related neutrophilic dermatoses (e.g., Behçet disease) should be included in the differential diagnosis of neutrophilic lobular panniculitis.
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