Colloid cysts of the third ventricle represent about 0.5-2 percent of intracranial tumors.1,2 Although uncommon, they are an important clinical entity because of their ability to cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obstruction and sudden death. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] In one population-based study, one third of patients with symptomatic colloid cysts presented with acute neurological deterioration, underscoring the need for their treatment. There has been some debate over the optimal management of colloid cysts over the past few decades. Management options include CSF diversion procedures (e.g. ventriculo-peritoneal ABSTRACT: Objective: Endoscopic resection of colloid cysts has been performed as an alternative to microsurgical resection and stereotactic aspiration since 1982. To date, there are limited published studies comparing these procedures. In this study, we present the largest series of endoscopic resections published to date and compare outcomes to a cohort of microsurgical resections performed at the same institution. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients in the Calgary Health Region undergoing resection of a colloid cyst between 1991 and 2004. Comparison was made between patients treated with endoscopic resection versus microsurgical resection. Results: Twenty-five endoscopic and nine microsurgical procedures were performed. Complete resection was achieved in 24 of 25 procedures in the Endoscopic group, compared with all 9 procedures in the Microsurgical group. Patients in the Endoscopic group had a reduced operative time (mean 104 minutes versus 217 minutes) and reduced length of stay (3.8 days versus 8.4 days) compared to the Microsurgical group. One patient in the Endoscopic group had a complication (hemiparesis/pulmonary embolus). By contrast, 3 patients in the Microsurgical group had complications (seizure, ventriculitis/bone flap infection, and transient memory deficit). There was one recurrence in each group which both occurred at 5 years follow-up. The mean length of follow-up is 38 months in the Endoscopic group and 33 months in the Microsurgical group. Conclusion: Endoscopic resection of colloid cysts can be performed with significantly lower risk of complication than microsurgical resection and with equivalent surgical success. Operative time and length of hospital stay are both significantly reduced with endoscopic resection. RÉSUMÉ: Résection endoscopique versus microchirurgicale des kystes colloïdes du troisième ventricule.Objectif : La résection endoscopique des kystes colloïdes comme alternative à la résection microchirurgicale et à l'aspiration stéréotaxique est réalisée depuis 1982. À ce jour, peu d'études comparant ces interventions ont été publiées. Dans cette étude, nous présentons la plus grande série de résections endoscopiques publiée à ce jour et nous comparons les résultats à ceux d'une cohorte de patients ayant subi une résection microchirurgicale dans la même institution. Méthodes : Nous avons procédé à une ré...
204Purpose: Since venous air embolism may occur during many different types of surgery, management of this clinical emergency can be required in patients who do not have a previously established central venous access for aspiration of air. Recent reviews suggest that management of right heart syndromes in patients with embolism is critical in improving outcome.Clinical Features: Abrupt decreases in oxygen saturation (from 98% to 40%) and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (from 24 to 6 mm Hg), compatible with venous air embolism were observed in a 73-yr-old woman during craniotomy for meningioma in the supine position. Since no access for aspiration of air was readily available, therapy was directed at inotropic support of the right heart using a bolus of ephedrine. Cardiorespiratory variables rapidly returned to normal, and the patient recovered from anesthesia and surgery without sequelae.Conclusions: Venous air embolism places an acute load on the right ventricle and may provoke right heart failure, even in the absence of total cardiovascular collapse. Treatment that supports right heart function may allow sufficient time for redistribution of embolized air and produce a good outcome when access for central aspiration of air is not available.Objectif : Comme l'embolie gazeuse veineuse peut survenir pendant de nombreuses interventions chirurgicales de type différent, le traitement de cette urgence clinique peut être nécessaire chez des patients qui n'ont pas d'accès veineux central préétabli pour l'aspiration de l'air. Des révisions récentes suggèrent que le traitement des syndromes du coeur droit soit crucial pour l'évolution favorable des patients qui présentent une embolie.Éléments cliniques : La baisse brutale de la saturation en oxygène (de 98 % à 40 %) et de la pression de fin d'expiration du gaz carbonique (de 24 à 6 mmHg), compatibles avec une embolie gazeuse veineuse, ont été observés chez une femme de 73 ans pendant une craniotomie pour l'ablation d'un méningiome, en décubitus dorsal. Aucun accès pour l'aspiration de l'air n'étant rapidement disponible, la thérapie a consisté en une assistance inotrope du coeur droit en utilisant un bolus d'éphédrine. Les variables cardiorespiratoires sont revenues rapidement à la normale et la patiente a connu une récupération anesthésique et chirurgicale sans séquelles.Conclusion : L'embolie gazeuse veineuse provoque une brusque surcharge du ventricule droit et peut entraî-ner une défaillance du coeur droit, même en l'absence de collapsus cardiovasculaire. Le traitement qui consiste en un soutien de la fonction du coeur droit peut laisser suffisamment de temps pour la redistribution de l'air embolisé et donner un bon résultat lorsque l'accès veineux central pour l'aspiration de l'air n'est pas disponible.
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