Brazing has a long tradition at the Institute of Material Science and Engineering of the University of Chemnitz, Germany. During the last years, comprehensive and innovative knowledge in brazing and soldering technologies were generated. Originating from high-temperature brazing, topics like metal-ceramic and light metal brazing, ultrasound assisted joining processes through to brazing of metal matrix composites were examined. In addition, new topics like joining by nanoparticles or corrosion behavior of brazed heat exchangers are in the focus of research. Prof. Bernhard Wielage managed the institute for 22 years. Today, Prof. Guntram Wagner introduces new topics like friction stir welding and continues the activities in brazing.Keywords: brazing; soldering; heat exchangers; brazing of metal-ceramic joints; soldering with diamond particles
StreszczenieTradycje związane z tematyką lutowania twardego w Instytucie Materiałoznawstwa i Inżynierii Uniwersytetu w Chemnitz (Niemcy) są długie. W ciągu ostatnich lat wygenerowano kompleksową i innowacyjną wiedzę dotyczącą technologii lutowania miękkiego i twardego. Zajmowano się problematyką badawczą wywodzącą się od lutowania wysokotemperaturowego, taką m.in. jak: lutowanie twarde metali lekkich z ceramiką i wspomaganie procesu spajania ultradźwiękami w lutowaniu kompozytów metalowych. Obecnie przedmiotem badań są nowe zagadnienia, takie jak: spajanie nanocząsteczkami oraz zachowanie odporności korozyjnej wymienników ciepła lutowanych na twardo. Profesor Bernhard Wielage zarządzał Instytutem przez ostatnie 22 lata. Obecnie, nowy Dyrektor Instytutu Profesor Guntram Wagner zajmuje się takimi zagadnieniami, tjak np. zgrzewaniem tarciowym z wymieszaniem materiału zgrzeiny (FSW) i kontynuuje prace badawcze związane z lutowaniem twardym.Słowa kluczowe: lutowanie twarde; lutowanie miękkie; wymienniki ciepła; lutowanie materiałów różnoimiennych metal-ceramika; lutowanie miękkie z cząstkami diamentu
Nanoparticles exhibit a decrease in sintering and melting temperature with decreasing particle size. The utilization of this effect is of great interest for joining at low temperatures. First, the paper identifies possible applications for joining and their significance. Furthermore, a commercially available Ag nanopaste is characterized with respect to its thermal properties and strength behavior. Subsequently, it is qualified for joining at low temperatures. The shape, distribution and size of the nanoparticles are determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thermal behavior is characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Furthermore, first examinations of strength properties were executed for the base material copper in order to characterize the influence of different process parameters on joining strength. The analyses show that the nanopaste has a great potential for joining at low temperatures. It is verified that the organic shell of the nanoparticles oxidatively decomposes at temperatures of about 410 °C followed by a sintering process. The sintered microstructure exhibits the thermal properties of bulk silver. It is also shown, that it is possible to produce joints at even lower temperatures of about 300 °C, whose thermal resistance and joint strength is significantly superior to conventional soldered joints.
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