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Three common gaseous anesthetics, halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane, were characterized by using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)/mass spectrometry, and the dependence of product ion distributions on temperature and concentration was evaluated. At 40 degrees C and 500 ppb, negative ion mobility spectra in air largely consisted of monomer or dimer adducts with Br- or Cl- formed through dissociative electron capture of molecular neutrals. With increased temperature or decreased vapor concentrations, declustering and dissociation of product ions became pronounced. Ion-molecule reactions in the drift region of the IMS were evident as distortions in peak shape in the mass-resolved mobility spectra and in variable reduced mobilities for the same ions. A portable hand-held IMS was used for convenient, real-time detection of enflurane in respired gases following a controlled inhalation episode.

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Published in the series Analyses of Hazardous Substances in Biological Materials , Vol. 5 (1996) The article contains sections titled: Summary General principles Equipment, chemicals and solutions Equipment Chemicals Solutions Calibration standards Specimen collection and sample preparation Operational parameters for atomic absorption spectrometry Analytical determination Calibration and calculation of the analytical result Standardization and quality control Reliability of the method Precision Accuracy Detection limit Sources of error Discussion of the method