Alpha-tocopherol is one of four tocopherol isoforms and has the highest vitamin E activity in humans. Most cultivated soybean seeds contain γ-tocopherol as the predominant form, and the ratio of α-tocopherol content to total tocopherol content (α-tocopherol ratio) is <10%. Three soybean accessions from Eastern Europe have α-tocopherol ratios of >20%. This higher content is likely due to mutations in the promoter region of the γ-tocopherol methytransferase-3 (γ-TMT3) gene. We surveyed a wild soybean germplasm collection and detected 16 accessions with stable seed α-tocopherol ratios of >20% under different growth conditions. The α-tocopherol ratios were greatly reduced when the plants were grown under cool temperatures during seed maturation, but increased to varying degrees at higher temperatures. Sequence analysis of the γ-TMT3 promoter of 11 of the accessions identified four haplotypes, one of which corresponded to that of cultivars with higher contents. These wild accessions can thus serve as novel donors for breeding cultivars with high α-tocopherol ratios and for better understanding the genetic basis of α-tocopherol synthesis in soybean.

This paper introduces DOA (Direction Of Arrival) detection system of jamming waves used for radio surveillance of 900MHz, featuring its function of frequency spectrum analysis to distinguish CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) and jamming waves. There exist many jamming waves arising from illegal (nonlicensed) repeating antennas or wireless cameras that seriously interfere to CDMA signals especially in urban districts. It makes lower communication quality suchlike crossed communication in voice and lower throughputs in data transmission. In order to specify the location of those illegal antennas, we develop a DOA detection system of jamming waves which consists of smart antennas, receivers, A/D converters, spectrum analysis, DOA estimation and location detection. This paper focuses on the analysis of frequency spectrum to detect jamming waves from the observed signals.

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