Mineral oil based lubricants are generally used in hydrodynamic journal bearing. These lubricants are toxic, non biodegradable and harmful for the environment. Vegetable oil being biodegradable and non-toxic has emerged as an alternative lubricant. This paper reviews recent researches related to biodegradable, environment friendly vegetable oil based lubricant and its application in hydrodynamic journal bearing. Important physicochemical properties of biolubricant for hydrodynamic journal bearing have also been discussed in the paper. Challenges relating to the usage of vegetable oil based biolubricant along with available mitigation strategies are also highlighted. Based on the study it can be concluded that chemically modified vegetable oil along with properly selected additives can effectively replace conventional lubricants.

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Oil and gas companies continuously invest on digital transformation, to economically improve logistics workflow and enhance service providers interaction. A unique digital solution has been designed to automate business processes and reduce unexpected deviations from drilling operation execution process; to avoid unplanned costs and delays affecting overall drilling performance. The manuscript will focus on drilling process modifications and performance impact resulted from implementing drilling forecasting approach for materials and services. Company and Software Provider jointly developed and implemented drilling forecast Report on top of existing reporting system to support drilling operations execution as per short- and long-term plans set earlier. Overall workflow and interconnection logic of steps were defined based on current Company's Standard Operating Procedures detailing Drilling Operation Policies and Instructions. Which ensured the software solution to be fully compliant with Company requirement. The developed automated Report passed a series of comprehensive tests in real conditions and after proven success; was decided to be implemented in Production environment to be efficiently utilized. Following the specific logic of Company's drilling operations execution, the automated forecast report improved planning procedures and automated the information exchange between Company and respective Service Providers to support smooth logistics of materials and personnel that required to be delivered to rig sites or removed from it. Implementation of first phase required strong dedication of drilling engineers, the developed report was designed to eventually lighten the current workload and release additional man-hours in future to analyze and optimize existing procedures. As a digital solution, the report was designed to gather required information from different data sources and automatically compare it with current drilling operations status; to evaluate current phase and predict accordingly the next 10 days of forecast for drilling operations, materials to be prepared and personnel to be located. Which helped to assure materials and field engineers availability on rig site on time. Assuring cost saving and avoiding unplanned logistics costs due to potential deviation and optimized overall Company's financial burden. The forecast report is being developed to be auto generated and shared on daily basis for all rigs to be available for all suppliers on daily basis. Automated forecast Report implanted on top of existing database is enriching current reporting system. Utilizing a digital and automated approach for forecasting daily operation and planning tool for services and materials ahead of time would improve drilling performance efficiency, eliminate any unwanted delays and complement Company's digital strategy.

Drilling fluid losses while drilling a mature cretaceous limestone reservoir unit (Formation A) has been worsening over years with reservoir depletion and lack of pressure support. New drilling methods were needed to eliminate or reduce total losses and the associated non-productive time with them. Nitrified Managed Pressure Drilling proposed to help in mitigating losses and reducing non-productive-time. This paper explains the challenge, details the solution that was proposed to tackle, and discusses the results of the application. Nitrified Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) decreases the Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD) below the lowest possible static mud weight (water) and at the same time deals safely with any unintended hydrocarbon influxes while drilling the reservoir 6″ hole section. The well data was analysed and modelled with different Nitrogen pumping rates and Surface Back Pressure (SBP) to determine the best rates that a mitigates losses but at the same time prevent hydrocarbon influxes. A closed-Loop drilling system proposed utilizing rotating control device, a separation package, and locally produced membrane Nitrogen allowed to manage the annular hydraulic pressure profile accordingly and mitigate the total losses scenario eliminating the wait on water time Rigorous planning and disciplined execution have led to safe and successful conclusion with no QHSE issues encountered. The designed Nitrified Managed Pressure Drilling solution succeeded in preventing the drilling fluid losses in the reservoir section by reducing the overbalance pressure of the drilling mud from 700 psi to 250 psi, which resulted in the elimination of 3 days of the rig's non-productive-time related to waiting on water. The closed-loop system coupled with a precise data acquisition and monitoring system has helped in maintaining a slight overbalance condition over the reservoir preventing any unintended hydrocarbon influxes to the surface. The lessons learned captured from this operation have contributed to the optimization of the Nitrified MPD in (Formation A) and to the overall MPD implementation in ADNOC fields. This paper displays the first application of nitrified managed pressure drilling in the United Arab Emirates. The equipment design and planning have accounted for many different scenarios, as this type of drilling technology enables more precise wellbore pressure management with less interruptions to drilling ahead

Pad Drilling Concept was developed to increase and sustain the production rate one of the UAE Brownfield Onshore Oilfield (BO) from four different reservoirs. The surface facilities of the field will accommodate total of 80Mbd and technical rate of 96Mbd. The project scope was redefined in 2016 to enhance the overall project's cost and further study on newly developed reservoir (Reservoir "A"). The project came into execution since January 2018 and so far, 100 plus wells drilled successfully. Therefore, to accommodate the required number of wells based on the company production target ahead of time, the planning stage represented as per 2018-2022 business plan is maintained with first oil in Q1 2020. The Full Field Development Plan (FFDP) is to deliver a total of 210 wells to sustain the production rate beyond 2024. Thus, the selected scheme for the FFDP which is planned to be artificially lifted is based on water injection and water alternating gas injection (WAG). The Key aspects of the project are:Partial development of Reservoir "A"Sensitive environmental areaBrownfield development in Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) conditions.Directional Drilling trajectory and anticollision constrains. Critical success factors for this project are:Integrated Project Management Team with dedicated full time resourcesAppointment and selection of competent Engineering contractor to develop the facilities within the target time.Timely approval and implementation of project's milestone. Thus, the benefits from the project for this Field are:Optimized Field Development Plan;Prevent congestions & access constraints;Standardization of HSE & Operations;Economical Surface Facilities Management.Rig days and cost saving.Sweep Efficiency of the reservoir.Early completion / production of project.