A study was conducted to evaluate drinking water safety at three different levels including sources, system and household in district Bagh, an earthquake affected area of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan. Portable water testing kit (Oxfam-DelAgua) was used for the detection of thermo-tolerant fecal coliform (Escherichia coli). A total (n=254) number of drinking water samples were examined for the presence of fecal coliform. It was found that, 68.5% (174 out of 254) of the overall samples tested were contaminated with Escherichia coli. The 52% (40 out of 77) of the water samples at source level, whereas 69% (58 out of 84) of water sample collected from system and 71% (66 out of 93) at household level were found contaminated with Escherichia coli. It was concluded that unprotected drinking water sources, improper management of waste, vulnerable sewage and ignorance regarding health and hygiene are the main reason of water contamination in the area.

Background-The aim of our study is to determine the drinking water quality monitoring and assessment of safe water supply in tertiary care hospital. Water samples which are collected from different sites of Adesh Medical College and Hospital, Shahabad, Haryana were processed. Material and methods- Most Probable Number (MPN) test was done to detect the coliform bacteria in drinking water, samples were collected from different sites of AMCH, bacterial isolate was identied by culture, colony morphology, Gram's staining and biochemical characterization of bacteria. Results- Out of 40 samples of drinking water 7(17.5%) were positive in which coliform bacteria were present, while 33(82.5%) were negative. In which 1(14.2%) of the total water samples were contaminated with mix growth organism, 1(14.2%) harbored Klebsiella sp., while 5(87.5%) among 7 water samples were highly contaminated with E.coli species. Out of 7 positive samples, 4(57.1%) water sample were satisfactory, 1(14.2%) were unsatisfactory sample and 2 (28.5%) were suspicious samples. Conclusion- On the basis of the results obtained, the quality analysis revealed that most of water samples were satisfactory and were not contaminated with coliforms and various pathogenic bacteria. The water cooler samples showing positive results have E.coli while less of Klebsiella species. Therefore, we suggest that all the water sources of drinking water should be properly sanitized, continuously monitored and bacterial load should be estimated on daily basis.