The paper is review on the role of geological structures on groundwater occurrence and flow in Crystalline Basement aquifers. The aim was to study the existing available literatures in order to evaluate structural/lineaments (faults, joints/fractures, folds, shear zone etc.) their influences and controls of groundwater occurrence and flow of bedrock of crystalline rocks of igneous and/or metamorphic origin. Groundwater in the basement aquifers resides/occurs within the weathered overburden and fractured bedrocks which originate from rainfall through the process of hydrological cycle. Remote sensing technique uses satellite imagery or aerial photograph to identify linear features on the ground and attempts to relate these lines to geologic structures capable of transmitting and storing large quantities of groundwater. Faults, joints/fractures and folds act as conduit and make rocks excellent aquifers. These features also, served as channels for groundwater movement which may results to an increased in secondary porosity, permeability and therefore, can results as a groundwater prospective/promising zones in crystalline basement rocks. Keywords: Basement Terrain, Groundwater, Lineament, Movement, Occurrence

Rapid population growth rate in the study area results to an increasing demand of water for various uses. It necessitated the geoscientists to evaluate the water quality of the area for potability. Twenty (20) water samples were collected using plastic bottles and properly labelled. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) were used to analyse the water quality. The in-situ measured parameters of water are mostly within limit of NIS, 2007 and WHO, 2011. Cations and anions analyses revealed, they were within the range of acceptable standard, except higher concentration of Fe2+, Pb2+and Mn2+which might have resulted from acidic water of the area and weathering of silicate minerals. The cations preponderance is of the order Na+> K+ ˃Mg2+> Ca2+> while for the anions dominance are HCO3− > Cl- > SO42-. The dominant water facies are Na+-HCO3−. These facies might have sources from rock-water interaction of silicate minerals. Wilcox plot of salinity hazard of the water samples indicated that, the water of the area is good for irrigation. It can be classified, the value of electrical conductivity of 0 – 250 excellent, 250 – 750 good, 750 – 2250 doubtful and ˃ 2250 μS/cm unsuitable. Field study and petrographic analysis revealed that, the area is underlain by three (3) major rocks units which are muscovite schist, porphyritic granite, sandstone (Chad Formation) with quartzite occurring as the minor lithology. Keywords: Hydrochemical characteristics, ground water, water quality, concentration, electrical conductivity

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