Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that psychosocial stress may influence weight gain. The relationship between stress and weight change and whether this was influenced by demographic and behavioral factors was explored. Design and Methods: A total of 5,118 participants of AusDiab were prospectively followed from 2000 to 2005. The relationship between stress at baseline and BMI change was assessed using linear regression. Results: Among those who maintained/gained weight, individuals with high levels of perceived stress at baseline experienced a 0.20 kg/m 2 (95% CI: 0.07-0.33) greater mean change in BMI compared with those with low stress. Additionally, individuals who experienced 2 or !3 stressful life events had a 0.13 kg/m 2 (0.00-0.26) and 0.26 kg/m 2 (0.14-0.38) greater increase in BMI compared with people with none.These relationships differed by age, smoking, and baseline BMI. Further, those with multiple sources of stressors were at the greatest risk of weight gain. Conclusion: Psychosocial stress, including both perceived stress and life events stress, was positively associated with weight gain but not weight loss. These associations varied by age, smoking, obesity, and multiple sources of stressors. Future treatment and interventions for overweight and obese people should consider the psychosocial factors that may influence weight gain.

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Abstract. Hare MJL, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ (Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic.; and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic.; Australia). Current controversies in the use of haemoglobin A 1c (Review). J Intern Med 2012;271: 227-236.Haemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) has recently been adopted by the World Health Organization into its recommended criteria for diabetes diagnosis. Much debate continues regarding the relative benefits and potential disadvantages surrounding the use of HbA 1c for this purpose. There is a lack of consensus as to whether this alteration to the definition of diabetes is a step forward or whether it could add further confusion and ambiguity to the debate on the method and criteria for the diagnosis of this globally important disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current issues surrounding how HbA 1c is measured and reported; and of the evidence for and against its use in diagnosis.