Background: Balanoposthitis is defined as an inflammatory condition of glans penis and prepuce. There are wide variety of etiologies including both infectious and noninfectious conditions. This study attempts to throw light on information regarding clinical and microbiological aspects of balanoposthitis. Objectives: To study various clinical patterns, etiologies, and predisposing factors of balanoposthitis. Methodology: A descriptive study was undertaken on 106 cases who presented to sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic with balanoposthitis between November 2017 and April 2019. A detailed history, physical examination, and investigations like KOH mount, leishman staining, gram staining, dark field microscopy, cultures, and other investigations were done wherever indicated. The data collected was tabulated and analyzed. Results: In our study, infectious etiology was the most common and was found in 77.36% cases. About 13.41% of cases with infectious balanoposthitis had multiple etiological agents. Noninfectious etiology was found in 22.64% cases. The most common infectious cause of balanoposthitis was candida, noted in 59.76% cases, followed by herpes simplex virus (19.51%), human papilloma virus (13.41%), and scabies (8.54%). Among noninfectious etiologies, adverse drug reaction (4.72% of total cases) was the most common, followed by lichen planus (3.77%) and psoriasis (3.77%). There was significantly higher incidence of phimosis in diabetic patients with candidal balanoposthitis. Conclusion: Identifying the etiology facilitates early treatment and hence reduces the infectivity and transmission of disease and also the disease complications like phimosis. In addition, multiple infectious etiologies should always be kept in mind while evaluating STDs.

Abrikossoff's tumor or granular cell tumor is an infrequent benign neoplasm, first described by the Russian pathologist Abrikossoff in 1926. The neoplasm can affect all parts of the body with head and neck areas affected in 45-65% of patients. More than half of the head and neck lesions are localized to the oral cavity, especially the tongue. An aggressive malignant form of granular cell myoblastoma that metastasizes is rare. The treatment of choice of Abrikossoff's tumor is local surgical excision with a wide margin. Here, we present a case of Abrikossoff's tumor, occurring in the upper arm, presenting as a panniculitis-like lesion.

Background:Acne is a common disorder among adolescents and young adults causing a considerable psychological impact including anxiety and depression. Isotretinoin, a synthetic oral retinoid is very effective in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. But there have been many reports linking isotretinoin to depression and suicide though no clear proof of association has been established so far.Objective:To determine whether oral isotretinoin increases the risk of depression in patients with moderate to severe acne.Materials and Methods:One hundred and fifty patients with moderate to severe acne were treated with oral isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg/day for a period of 3 months. Their acne and depression scoring was done at baseline and then every month for the first 3 months and then at 6 months.Results:We found that the acne scoring reduced from 3.11 ± 0.49 to 0.65 ± 0.62 (P = < 0.001) at the end of 3 months. Also, the depression scoring decreased significantly from 3.89 ± 4.9 at the beginning of study to 0.45 ± 1.12 (P < 0.001) at the end of 3 months. Both the acne and depression scores continued to remain low at the end of 6 months at 0.5 ± 0.52 (P = < 0.001) and 0.18 ± 0.51 (P = < 0.001), respectively.Conclusions:Our study proves that oral isotretinoin causes significant clearance of acne lesions. It causes significant reduction in depression scores and is not associated with an increased incidence of depression or suicidal tendencies.

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<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over the past few decades, the developments in the field of Nephrology have improved the life expectancy of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This situation provides more time for the dermatological conditions to manifest. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the different clinical patterns of cutaneous manifestations in chronic kidney disease and also to compare the cutaneous manifestations in CKD patients on dialysis and medical management.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong>. 120 consecutive cases of chronic kidney disease were included in the study. This included inpatients and outpatients, patients on medical management as well as those undergoing hemodialysis. A detailed history was taken and complete dermatological examination was performed. Digital photographs of skin lesions were taken. Relevant investigations like complete blood counts, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes were performed routinely. Special investigations like KOH mount for fungus, Tzanck smear and skin biopsies were performed when clinically indicated.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The number of cutaneous manifestations present in each patient is compared based on severity and duration of CKD. 82.8% of patients with severe CKD had more than one dermatoses compared to 60% of patients with mild CKD. So, multiple cutaneous manifestations could be found in the same patient, as the severity of CKD increases. Xerosis and hyperpigmentation were more prevalent in patients undergoing dialysis than those on medical management alone.</p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In patients with CKD xerosis, pruritus, pigmentation, nail changes and cutaneous infections were the predominant cutaneous manifestations. The prevalence of xerosis and hyperpigmentation were higher in patients with longer duration of disease and increased as the severity of CKD increased. The prevalence of pruritus was independent of the duration and severity of CKD.