An apparatus for the determination of fluid-fluid interfacial tension by the pendant drop method has been constructed. The apparatus is refined beyond those previously described in that the samples are introduced into an evacuated windowed cell without contacting air or mercury.Interfacial tension data are reported for the water-methane system between 74 and 280°F and 15 and 15,000 psi.The variation of wettability of the stainless-steel dropper tip with pressure and temperature was observed incidentally to the measurements.

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Laboratory data on bubble point pressures and reservoir volume factors havebeen correlated as functions of solution gas-oil ratio, calculated gas gravityof the pentanes-and-lighter fraction of the entire fluid, differential residualoil gravity, and reservoir temperatures. Introduction Several correlations of crude oil properties have appeared in theliterature. D. L. Katz in 1942 presented five methods of predicting oil shrinkage, thesebeing of decreasing accuracy for decreasing amounts of informationavailable. M. B. Standing in 1947 published three correlations of laboratory flashvaporization data of California crudes. From values of GOR (gas-oil ratio), gasgravity, liquid gravity, and temperature, his correlations will predict bubblepoint pressure, formation volumes of bubble point liquids, and two-phaseformation volumes. Curtis and Brinkley in 1949 presented several correlations. From the gas-oilratio, an approximation of reservoir volume factor and barrels of condensaterecoverable per barrel of reservoir space may be obtained; along with liquidgravity and reservoir temperature, the GOR will allow prediction of bubblepoint pressure. These last correlations seem to be more qualitative thanquantitative. Generally, laboratory bottom hole sample tests furnish information on solutiongas-oil ratios, residual oil gravities, bubble point pressures, viscosities ofoils, liquid shrinkages, and occasionally gas gravities. Each of these data hasits own applications and use in reservoir engineering calculations. Theparticular uses of correlated bottom hole sample data are found inProviding a basis for obtaining estimates of formation crude propertiesin fields where bottom hole sampling is impractical or impossible.Greatly reducing the time in obtaining the desired information.Determining the applicability of the results from various bottom holesamples to particular field problems.Avoiding, in many cases, the uncertainties of sampling by replacing it withan element over which greater control can be exercised.Permitting use of preliminary field data in application of productionprocedures before a bottom hole sample can be obtained and analyzed in thelaboratory.Serving as a check on data which may appear out of line.Estimating for a particular type crude the appropriate equilibriumconstants by working backward from the bubble point pressure.Estimating original or other past history properties of reservoirs thatwere not sampled in the past. T.P. 2931

Experimental equilibrium vaporization ratios (K values) were obtained for nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, ethane and hydrogen sulfide in two natural gas-absorber oil mixtures and in two natural gas-Elk Basin crude oil mixtures. For each mixture of constant over-all composition, data were obtained at 100°,150° and 200°F and at various pressures in the range 200 to 5,000 psia_ Some effects of composition on the K values were obtained to serve as a guide in choosing K's for engineering calculations on other mixtures.The pressure cell used to obtain the data is a new type and is described here for the first time.

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