Summary. A questionnaire evaluation was undertaken of feeding methods used by the mothers of 25 neonates with cleft lip and/or palate. Most parents had problems feeding their babies, both with the quantity of food taken and especially with the time taken to feed; even after a period of 2 months over a quarter were still having problems with the quantity of feed and a third had not established a regular feeding pattern. Just over a half needed to change the feeding method from the one with which they started. Twelve of the 25 mothers tried to breast‐feed but none of them was successful. The Haberman feeder was the most popular, being used by 18 mothers. An acrylic feeding plate was considered to be helpful by 6 of 11 mothers of babies with complete clefts but by only 1 of 9 mothers of babies with secondary palate clefts. Almost all the mothers were dissatisfied with the information they had received while in hospital and with the back‐up when they went home. Resumé. Evaluation par questionnaire des méthodes d'alimentation utilisées chez les nouveaux‐nés porteurs d'une fente labiale et palatine Une évaluation par questionnaire des méthodes d'alimentation a été entreprise auprès de mères de 25 nouveaux‐nés porteurs de fente labiale et/ou palatine. La plupart des parents avaient des problèmes pour alimenter leurs bébés, à la fois avec la quantité d'aliments et surtout avec le temps nécessaire pour les nourrir; même après une période de deux mois, plus d'un quart d'entre‐eux avait encore des problèmes avec la quantité de nourriture et un tiers n'avait pas pu établir un mode d'alimentation régulier. Plus de la moitié avait du changer la méthode d'alimentation adoptée au début. Douze des 25 mères avaient essayé l'alimentation au sein mais sans succès. Le système d'alimentation Haberman était le plus utilisé, l'étant par 18 mères. Une plaque en acrylique pour l'alimentation a été considérée comme pratique puisque utilisée par 6 des 11 mères ayant un bébé avec fente complète mais par seulement 1 des 9 mères dont le bébé avait une fente palatine. La majorité des mères n'était pas satisfaite des informations données alors qu'elles étaient hospitalisées et du suivi de retour à la maison. Zusammenfassung. Eine Fragebogen‐Beurteilung Über die Ernährungsmethoden von Neugeborene mit Lippen‐Kiefer‐Gaumenspalten An 25 MÜtter von solchen Kinder wurden Fragebögen verteilt. Die meisten Eltern hatten Probleme ihre Säuglinge zu fÜttern, erstens mit der Qualität und zweitens mit der verlängerten Zeitspanne des FÜttems. Sogar nach 2 Monate hatten noch Über 25% Probleme mit der Quantität und Über ein Drittel konnten noch keine regelmässige FÜtterungsgewohnheiten erreichen. Über die Hälfte mÜssten die FÜtterungsmethode ändern 12 von 25 MÜtter versuchten es mit dem Stillen aber keine war erfolgreich. Mit dem Habermann FÜtterer konnte die besten Erfolge erzielt werden, 18 MÜtter benutzen ihn. Eine KunststoffÜtterungsplatte wurde mit Erfolg von 6 der 11 MÜtter mit Babies mit einem durchgehende palatinalen Spalt angewendet, aber nur 1 Mutter ...
Whilst there are many causes of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, one of the most frequently encountered is bruxism. The two conditions have many aetiological factors in common and there is a rational physiological reason why bruxism could cause temporomandibular joint dysfunction. In fact, experimental bruxism performed under laboratory conditions has been found to cause such joint dysfunction. This contention is supported by direct measurements of nocturnal tooth contact. Patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction were found to differ from control subjects to a degree which was statistically significant.
The Blackpool, Wyre and Fylde Health Authority, in the North West of England, could be described as a "low-level lead exposure area." Primary sources of lead exposure are atmospheric fallout (both indoors and outdoors) and potable water consumption. Deciduous teeth were collected from children living in this area as were water samples and outdoor dust samples. Both total lead concentrations and 206Pb:207Pb ratios were determined for a defined subset of teeth. Significant differences in the total lead concentrations were found for teeth collected from children resident in different targeted areas (i.e., Blackpool, Fleetwood, and Garstang). No significant differences were found between the total lead concentrations or the 206Pb:207Pb ratios from dust and water samples in these areas. Examination of the 206Pb:207Pb ratios for dust, water, and teeth obtained from each area separately revealed differing patterns of exposure to lead. Determination of 206Pb:207Pb ratios, in addition to total lead concentrations, enabled the differences in sources of exposure to be identified in these communities. The authors conclude that isotopic analyses are an important aspect of community survey work, and these analyses can be helpful in accurately targeting intervention strategies aimed at reducing exposure to lead.
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