Abstract:The study on variability and diversity of 32 genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under direct seeded condition revealed significant variability at 5% level among the genotypes for all the characters. High level of broad sense heritability was observed for days to 50% flowering (0.986) followed by filled grains (0.8216) and 1000-grain weight (0.7306). Expected genetic advance was highest for yield per hectare (39.639) and filled grains per panicle (51.39). Genetic divergence analysis using Mahalanobis's D 2 statistic grouped the genotypes into 7 clusters. Cluster II had maximum number (16) of genotypes. Maximum inter cluster distance was found between cluster IV and VII (984.82). However, intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster III (363.58). Genotypes from diverse clusters viz.NR 89, PAU 3284, ARIZE SWIFT, RY 248, Varadhan, RYC489, MTU 1010 and RYC 674 could be recommended for inclusion in hybridization programme for breeding under aerobic rice condition.

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An experiment was conducted with 9 crosses of soybean in compact family block design for 14 quantitative traits during kharif 2019 at N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. Genetic variability were found among the experimental materials for all traits. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for most of the traits. Seed yield per plant showed highest genotypic coefficient of variation (29.1%). The highest heritability was exhibited by plant height followed by number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant and harvesting index. The value of genetic advance ranged from 0.06 (number of seeds per pod) to 89.45 (seed yield per row). The highest value of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean exhibited by seed yield per plant followed by dry matter weight per plant, seed yield per row, number of pods per plant, seed yield efficiency which ensured additive gene action.