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Description In spite of the complexities, useful and appropriate wear testing can be performed to evaluate materials for various engineering applications. The 7 peer-reviewed papers in this volume: explore standardization issues on the measurement of elastomeric wear and friction; review test methods used by researchers to understand test parameters that affect wear and friction of elastomers; increase the understanding of fundamental properties of elastomers and its effect on wear and friction. For elastomer/plastic manufacturers, engineers; R&D facilities; petrochemical industry managers/engineers. Also for tribologists and lubrication engineers.

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Increased penetration rates, accompanied by longer bit life, have always been primary objectives of both rock bit manufacturers and drilling contractors. Diamond-enhanced tungsten carbide inserts have been employed successfully in the gage row of soft formation three-cone rock bits. However, the current semi-round top geometry used in the manufacture of diamond-enhanced inserts has limitations. Two such limitations are slower penetration rates when replacing chisel-type gage inserts in certain soft formations and premature breakage in medium-to-hard formations (IADC 6-2-7 to 7-3-7 type drilling). This paper reviews recent progress in the development of tougher diamond-enhanced inserts and new geometries, such as the inclined chisel gage inserts. Laboratory test results are compared between the new, tougher enhanced inserts, the standard enhanced inserts and the standard tungsten carbide grades. Successful field tests of diamond-enhanced heel inserts used in medium-to-hard formations will be reviewed. The impact on bit life, penetration rates and drilling costs of the new enhanced insert composition and geometry technology also will be discussed.