Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) of the shoulder joint is a sparse entity. Here, we are presenting a case of glenohumeral joint TB (caries exudata variant) with 1-year follow-up. Case Presentation: Our patient, a 65-year-old male individual, came to the outpatient department with complaints of swelling and pain in the right shoulder of 6 months duration. Patient's systemic examination and vitals were within normal limits, and local examination of the shoulder joint revealed massive dumbbell-shaped swelling, tenderness along the joint line, and grossly restricted range of movements. Radiograph of the shoulder joint showed osteolytic lesions in the humeral head and glenoid with a reduction in glenohumeral joint space. We treated the case with the aspiration of the abscess followed by three sessions of injection streptomycin into the cavity at monthly intervals. The patient also received anti-tubercular drugs as per the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program guidelines for 1 year. After 12 months, the patient was disease-free and had a functional range of motion. Conclusion: In adults, the classical dry type of shoulder TB (caries sicca) has been described, while the fulminating variety rarely has been reported. The latter type of shoulder TB is much more common in children. We report a fulminant variety of shoulder joint TB in an old-aged patient who presented with massive dumbbell-shaped cold abscess and destruction of glenohumeral joint. Keywords: caries sicca, caries exudate, glenohumeral joint, injection streptomycin.

ABSTRACT-Background: Femoral shaft fractures are most common fractures in paediatric orthopaedic age group. There are distinct methodologies to treat them. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing is one in every of them and a longtime and reliable methodology for treating these fractures. Aims: To evaluate the clinical, functional and radiological outcome of intramedullary fixation of displaced fracture shaft femur in skeletally immature children using titanium elastic intramedullary nails. Material and Methods: 65 Femoral shaft fracture in 60 children aged 6-14 years were fixed with titanium intramedullary elastic nail under image intensifier control between July 2013 and June 2017.Two nails of proper and equal diameter were used for fracture fixation. No external splint was used after surgery. Outcomes assessed on the basis of Flynn et al scoring criterion. Results: All patients achieved complete healing at a mean of 9.5 weeks. 51 fracture reduced by closed means but 14 needs open reduction. Common size of elastic nail used was 3mm. no major complication was recorded all were minor and can be taken care off. Most common was entry site skin irritation recorded in 10 patients. 90% had excellent result and 10% had satisfactory. Conclusion: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing is the method of choice for the Femoral shaft fracture in paediatric patients, because it is minimally invasive and provide six point fixation and shows very good functional and cosmetic result. It allows early ambulation and shorter hospital stay and higher parent satisfaction. ESIN also provide flexural, translational and rotational stability as well.

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