No abstract

In their invocations of the Muses the early epic poets use indifferently verbs meaning ‘tell’, ‘speak of’ (ἔννεπε, ἔσπετε, εἰπέ, εἴπατε)and the verb which we normally translate as ‘sing’ (ἄειδε, ἀείδεο, ἀείσατε)When they refer directly to their own performance they may use the non-committalμνήσομαι, or ἐρέω, ἐνισπεῖνbut more often it isάείδω, ἄρχομ ἀείδεινor something of the sort; and they will pray for goodἀοιδήor hope for reward from it. We cannot make a distinction between two styles of performance, one characterized asἀείδειν the other as ἐνέπεινthe Iliad beginsμῆνιν ἄειδε θεάbut later hasἔσπετε νῦν μοι Μοῦσαι;Hesiod moves straight fromχαίρετε τέκνα Διός , δότε δ᾿ ἱμερόεσσαν ἀοιδήνtoεἴπατε δ᾿ ὡς . . . ταῦτά μοι ἔσπετε Μοῦσαι . . . καὶ εἴπατε(Th. 104–15); the author of the Hymn to Pan beginsἔννεπε Μοῦσαand endsἴλαμαι δέ σ᾿ ἀοιδῇ . . . καὶ σεῖο καὶ ἄλλης μνήσομ᾿ ἀοιδῆς.

Dilute solutions of benzene in cyclohexane were irradiated with subnanosecond pulses of protons from a 2 MV accelerator. Changes in the time resolved emission at 285 nm were studied as a function of proton energy. The initial rate of fluorescence decay is energy dependent and always greater than that observed with ultraviolet radiation. As time after irradiation increases, the decay rate approaches the uv value. A model based upon quenching by transient species in the proton track is used to analyze the data. The analysis suggests that the energy dependence of the initial decay rate results from the effect of proton stopping power on the initial quencher concentration.

My title is familiar as that of a book, and my subject may be thought to call for one. I hope in due course to explore the genesis of the Homeric poems in that format, and what I have to say here may take its place there in a maturer form (wiser, fatter). For the moment I offer merely a provisional attempt to trace out the stages by which the epic tradition developed, stopping short of any discussion of the Iliad and Odyssey themselves. Any such attempt necessarily involves a certain amount of rehearsal of familiar arguments, and, if it is to be plausible, a fair measure of concurrence in familiar conclusions. But conclusions that are familiar are sometimes also controversial, and can be strengthened against their assailants by a fresh discussion; and I have certain doctrines of my own that are best presented in the context of a broad synthesis.

On the other hand, reactions of solvated positrons (eg+) can also compete with Ps formation. Thus, for Instance, the reaction of eg+ with Br~or Cl" Ions, which are products of the reaction of electrons with scavenger molecules (C2H5Br and CCI4), will probably result In the formation of e+Br" or e+CI" bound states, as was recently pointed out by Mogensen and Shantarovich [Chem. Phys., 6, 100 (1974)].The rate constant of the e+ + Cl" reaction in water was found to be 2.5 X 1010 M'1 s"1, but rate constants for nonpolar liquids are not known. (18) S.