Summary The Rupert River is one of the largest tributaries on the east coast of James Bay. Lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) is present all along the main stem where several spawning grounds have been located, four of which are major spawning grounds that have been studied at km 216, 281, 290 and 362. The total number of drifting larvae was estimated with drift nets set along transverse transects at km 212, 276, and km 287 from 2007 to 2009, and at km 361 in 2008 and 2009, using a new technique, namely, a Doppler current meter to measure water velocity within transect sub‐sections corresponding to Voronoï polygons. There was a substantial, persistent difference in the number of larvae produced by the four main spawning areas. On average, the most productive site (km 276) produced over five times more larvae than the least productive site (km 361). Average estimated numbers were 41,194 at km 212, 176,840 at km 276, 106,212 at km 287, and 30,642 at km 361. Temporal variations were of much less amplitude than spatial differences. Between 2007 and 2009, interannual variations were not significant, except at km 212, despite differences in river flow during incubation and larval drift. The number of gravid females and the quality of spawning grounds would likely be the main factors influencing the total number of larvae. Vertical distribution of larvae is variable between sites and years, and shows a slight tendency for larvae to be more surface oriented. Higher flow near the surface would partly explain larger surface drifting of larvae. Transverse distribution is uneven and often associated with the location of the spawning grounds and the river flow. Given the uneven vertical and transverse distribution of larvae, an effective sampling strategy should cover the complete water column and full river width. Where depth exceeds 3 m, at least two stacked nets are recommended. In large rivers, filtering close to 1% of total river flow should result in acceptable confidence intervals, allowing a good comparison of the number of larvae in space and time.
La reproduction de l’esturgeon jaune (Acipenser fulvescens) à la centrale hydroélectrique de Drummondville, sur la rivière Saint-François, a été étudiée par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak de 2012 à 2018. Les zones de déposition d’oeufs ont été localisées et le contingent reproducteur, la production larvaire ainsi que le pourcentage de succès reproducteur ont été estimés. Cette étude visait à déterminer si les différences interannuelles de l’abondance des reproducteurs et des larves étaient influencées par le débit ou la température de l’eau. De 54 à 188 reproducteurs ont utilisé 3 sites de déposition d’oeufs. Le nombre de larves produites variait de 8 953 à 44 218, selon les années, représentant un succès reproducteur variant de 0,29 % à 4,59 %. Les résultats suggèrent que l’abondance des reproducteurs était influencée positivement par le débit pendant la migration printanière et que les nombres de reproducteurs et de larves n’étaient pas influencés par la température de l’eau. Les plus grandes abondances de larves ont été mesurées lors de débits stables d’environ 85 m3/s durant la dérive larvaire. Grâce aux travaux effectués par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak, la présente étude a permis d’orienter la gestion de la pêche et du débit afin de soutenir la conservation de cette espèce.
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