Chemical analysis and antimicrobial nature of grape seed extracts (GSE) and their Reisling Vitis vinifera L. application as fortificants for edible starch films were investigated. GSE possessed an antioxidant activity of 17.18 ± 1.29 mmol TROLOX equivalents g extract )1 and total phenolic content of 327.58 ± 7.24 mmol gallic acid equivalents g extract )1 mainly attributed to their flavonoid and phenolic acid composition determined by high-performance liquid chromatography accomplished to a diode array detector and a electrospray ionisation mass spectrometer in negative mode (HPLC-DAD ⁄ ESI-MS). GSE inhibited the growth of Gram-positive food-borne pathogens while Gram-negatives were not inhibited. After GSE were incorporated into pea starch films, thickness of enriched films increased and the puncture and tensile strength decreased compared to control films. Furthermore, migration of phenolic compounds from the films to different food simulants, aqueous, acidic and alcoholic solution was determined according to 89\109\EEC directive. A higher particle migration in acidic simulants was found. Finally, the effect of GSE incorporated pea starch films was tested in vitro with pork loins infected with Brochothrix thermosphacta. GSE films reduced the bacterial growth in 1.3 log colony forming units mL )1 after 4 days incubation at 4°C.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.