The aim of the study was to correlate the clinical severity of pectus excavatum with its type and degree based on objective radiographic evaluation. Twelve brachycephalic dogs were included. Grading of the clinical severity was done based on a 6-point grading score. Thoracic radiographs were used to calculate the frontosagittal and vertebral indices at the tenth thoracic vertebra and the vertebra overlying the excavatum. Correlation between the clinical severity score and frontosagittal and vertebral indices was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Typical pectus excavatum was recorded in the caudal sternum in seven dogs, with a mean clinical severity score of 1.7 ± 1.4, whereas in five dogs, atypical mid-sternal deviation was recorded with a mean clinical severity score of 3.8 ± 0.7. A strong correlation (r=0.7) was recorded between the clinical severity score and vertebral index in the atypical form, whereas a weak correlation (r=0.02) was recorded in the typical form (P<0.05). The clinical severity and degree of pectus excavatum was poorly correlated (r=0.3) in the typical form of pectus excavatum, whereas it was strongly correlated (r=0.9) in the atypical form. Pectus excavatum in dogs is associated with compressive cardiopulmonary dysfunction, which depends mainly on the site/type of deviation rather than the degree of deviation.

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The synthesis of some 1-alkyl and l-aralkyl-4-(N-phenylpropionamid0)piperidines and related derivatives is described and the hot-plate activities in mice of these compounds reported. Activity variations among 1-methyl, 1-benzyl, and 1-phenethyl derivatives resemble those of corresponding open-chain anilide rather than 4-phenyl-piperidine analgesics. Infrared and nmr data show the two nitrogen atoms of the 4-anilinopiperidine derivatives to be further apart than those of open-chain anilides in their respective preferred conformations ; these results, together with the extreme potency difference between the N-phenethyl derivatives diampromide and fentanyl, show that the two classes are best regarded as mutually distinct types of analgesic.

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