A half diallyl cross among eight new yellow maize inbred lines, i.e. Gm. 142, Gm. 224, Gm. 233, Gm. 152, Gm. 297, Gm. 330, Gm. 201, and Gm. 303, was made in 2015 summer season. Twenty eight F1 crosses along with two yellow commercial check hybrids, SC162 and SC168 were evaluated in randomized complete block design with four replications at two locations (Gemmeiza, Gharbia and Sids, Bani Sweif, Egypt) in 2016 summer season to study the combining ability to identify the most superior parental inbred lines that produce superior hybrids and develop high yielding new yellow single crosses. Results indicated that mean squares of crosses exhibited significant or highly significant for all studied traits. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant or highly significant for all studied traits at combined over the two locations, except GCA for ear diameter trait and SCA for ear length trait, which were non-significant. The ratio of GCA/SCA was more than unity for all studied traits at combined over the two locations, except days to 50% silking and ear diameter traits, indicating that additive gene was more important than non-additive gene action. The interaction between GCA and SCA and locations were highly significant for all studied traits, except GCA x Loc. for ear diameter trait and SCA x Loc. for ear length trait. The magnitude of the interaction was highest for GCA × locations than the SCA × locations for plant height, ear height, ear length and grain yield, indicates that additive genetic variance was influenced by environment and the additive component interacted more with the environment than the non-additive and vice versa for days to 50% silking and ear diameter. According to analysis of GCA effects, the best general combiners were P3 (Gm.233) for earliness; P4 (Gm.152), P5 (Gm.297), P6 (Gm.330) and P7 (Gm.201) for plant height (shortness); P5 (Gm.297), P6 (Gm.330) and P7 (Gm.201) towards lower ear position; P4 (Gm.152) and P6 (Gm.330) for ear length; P1 (Gm.142) for ear diameter; and P1 (Gm.142), P5 (Gm.297) and P8 (Gm.303) for grain yield. Based on mean performance and SCA effects analysis, there were seven crosses No.

Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Stations during 2007 and 2008 seasons to study the effect of row spacing, i.e. (60,70 and 80cm apart) and plant density, i.e. (20000, 25000 and 30000 plants/fed.) on growth, yield and yield components of two maize hybrids, i.e. (S.C125 and S.C162). A split-split plot design with four replicates was used in the two experiments.  Results showed that increasing ridge spacing significantly recorded No. of days two 50% tassling and silking , plant and ear heights were in the same direction planting on 80cm ridge was associated with a significant increase in ear length , No. of kernels/row, 1000 kernels weight and grain yield (ard/fed).  On the other side, plant density of 25000 plant/fed was associated with the highest grain yield and its component as soon as it is considered of the optimum environmental.  Single cross 125 was earlier than single cross 162 of days to 50% tassling and silking. S.C. 125 had the best effects of plant and ear height towards low ear position, 1000 kernels weight, S.C. 162 gave the highest values of No. of ear length kernels/row and grain yield. (Ridge spacing x plant density interaction was significant for No. of days to 50% tassling and silking, plant and ear heights, No. of kernels/row. Plant density x hybrid interaction was significant for plant height, ear length, 1000 kernels weight (g) and grain yield ard./fed).  This investigation showed that planting on 80-cm rows at plant density of 25000 plants/fed (25-cm between hills) in order to obtain the highest grain yield. This would also facilitate using the mechanization and saving costs, time, and effort.

An experiment was conducted at Gemmeiza Research Station, Field Crops Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Egypt in successive seasons (2015 and 2016) to study the response of maize four 3-way crosses (TWC 324, TWC 329, TWC 353 and TWC 354) to different Nitrogen (N) rates on growth, grain yield and technological properties of maize Four 3-way crosses white hybrids (TWC 324 and TWC 329) and yellow hybrids (TWC 353 and TWC 354) were planted under three N rates (120, 135 and 150 kg N Fed-1). Split-plot design with four replications was used. The main plots were devoted to the previous the nitrogen rates, whereas, the sub -plot were allocated to four maize hybrids. The results revealed that the effect of nitrogen rate application on 50 % tasseling and 50 % silking as well as plant and ear hight was significant in the second season. The period from planting to 50 % tasseling and 50 % silking decreased significantly by increasing the nitrogen rates up to 150 Kg N/fed in the second season. Three ways cross 353 was the earliest hybrid for number of days to 50% tasseling (58.3 days) and silking (59.3 days) in the first season, respectively. But TWC 354 was the earliest hybrid for number of days to 50% tasseling (59.8 days) and silking (60.8 days) in the second season, respectively. Three ways cross 324 and 329 showed the tallest plant height and ear height, in both seasons. The highest grain yield was obtained by TWC 324 (30.47 and 32.12 ard fed -1 ) and TWC 329 (28.15 and 26.94 ard fed -1 ) in both seasons, respectively. In contrast, Interaction effects of nitrogen rates and maize hybrids on grain yield were significant. TWC 324 significantly surpassed all hybrids (32.71 and 33.47 ard/fed) in both seasons, respectively. The grain components parts i.e. endosperm, germ and pericarp, resulted in the variation due to the hybrid and N fertilizer level which was in the line with 1000 kernel weight, and grain density during the two seasons. Protein content increase as N level increase. Meanwhile significantly increase in L* and b* values color and total carotenoids as a results of N levels and hybrids and also the NPK content in the kernels. The product tortilla prepared from white corn hybrids (TWC 324 and TWC 329) were characterized with higher score of organoleptic evaluation than those of yellow corn hybrids (TWC 353 and TWC 354). It could be recommended to produce tortilla for celiac disease adults, where it provides a part of their daily requirements of protein, carbohydrate, calcium, iron and zinc.

Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during the two growing summer seasons of 2010 and 2011. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of compost rates, humic acid treatments and nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth, grain yield and its components of maize cultivar yellow single cross 166. Each rate of compost was performed in separate experiment. Every experiment of compost rates was carried out in split plot design with four replications. The main plots were occupied with humic acid treatments. The sub-plots were assigned to nitrogen fertilizer rates. The obvious results of this investigation can be summarized as follows:Adding 30 m 3 compost/fed recorded the highest values of growth traits, grain yield and its attributes in both seasons and their combined. Moreover, applying 15 m 3 compost/fed came in the second rank in both seasons and their combined. The lowest values of these characters were obtained by control treatment (without compost) in both seasons and their combined Soaking seeds before planting in humic acid plus foliar spraying plants with humic acid enhanced maize growth, subsequently produced the highest means grain yield and its attributes in both seasons and their combined. It was followed by soaking seeds before planting in humic acid or foliar spraying plants with humic acid in both seasons and their combined.There were substantial differences in all studied characters among various studied nitrogen fertilizer rates in both seasons and their combined. Fertilizing maize plants with 120 kg N/fed produced the highest values of these characters in both seasons and their combined. However, using 60 kg N/fed was accompanied with the least values of grain yield and its attributes characters in both seasons and their combined, as well as there are many significant effect of the interactions among studied factors on studied characters.Generally, it can be concluded that organic fertilizing maize plants hybrid S.C. 166 with 30 m3 compost/fed and soaking seeds plus foliar spraying plants with humic acid at the rate of 1000 ppm in addition mineral fertilizing with 120 or 90 kg N/fed in order to maximizing its growth and productivity under the environmental conditions of Gemmeiza district, El-Gharbia Governorate.

The importance of cereal grains to nutrition of millions of people around the world is widely recognized. After wheat and rice, maize is the most important cereal grain in the world, providing nutrients for humans and animals. Maize silage is an important supplementary feed. The important characteristics of maize silage include high yield and high metabolically energy, but low protein content. Thus, two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Station, FCRI, ARC, Egypt, during summer seasons of 2016 and 2017 to compare and evaluate grain and forage yields as well as chemical composition of yellow maize hybrids i.e. Single crosses SC162, SC166, SC167, SC168, SC177 and SC178, in addition to three-way crosses TWC360 and TWC368. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with four replications. The obtained results from this investigation revealed that SC178 was the latest hybrid in flowering among the studied hybrids. TWC368 produced the highest values of plant height, stalk diameter, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant, green plants weight/plot and forage yield/fad. SC162 was significantly surpassed other studied maize hybrids in grain plants weight/plot and forage yield/fad. SC166 produced the highest number of grains/row over both seasons. SC178 produced the highest value of 100-grain weight and carbohydrates percentage. TWC368 recorded the highest no. of rows/ear over both seasons. SC168 resulted in the highest values of grain yield and crude protein percentage. TWC360 recorded the highest crude fiber percentage over both seasons. Results obtained that, planting TWC368 or SC162 hybrids can produce maximum forage yield. In addition, growing SC168 or SC178 hybrids can produce highest grain yield under the environmental conditions of the testing location.