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The desorption isotherms of fermented tea dhool were determined at 50, 55, 60, and 70 C by using static gravimetric method of saturated salt solutions within the water activity range of 0.05-0.81. Results indicated that the equilibrium moisture contents were decreased with the increase in temperature. A modified Oswin model was well fitted with the experimental data. Desorption isotherm curves obtained were type II sygmoidal. Thermodynamic properties like net isosteric heat of sorption and differential entropy were found to decrease exponentially with the increase in moisture content. Monolayer moisture content was also decreased linearly with the increase in temperature. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory could be successfully applied for the moisture desorption behavior of fermented tea dhool samples and it was an enthalpy-driven spontaneous process.

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In aeronautic sectors, lightweight materials are very demanded in order to reduce fuel consumption. Therefore, thinning drawn cups are very recommended. Reduction of thickness led to many geometrical and physical failures that damage the final product. Since most lightweight materials had a high level of anisotropic, the presence of earrings is one of the most significant failures faced in the deep drawing process. Many functions were developed in order to control these undesirable earrings in sheet metal parts. In this paper, a simulation of a 3D cylindrical deep drawing model for AA1050 and AA1100 aluminum alloys using ABAQUS finite element software was achieved. Prediction of earing phenomenon in deep drawing process was carried out. Moreover, the impact of punch corner radius and die shoulder radius on flange earrings was analyzed and a reduction of the percentage of earring heights was investigated.

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