Currently, the problem of treating sepsis is acute. To study these morphological and functional changes, animal models are used, for example, a model of experimental peritonitis, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). However, there is only insufficient research on the description of internal organ rearrangements, in particular, skin morphological picture. The aim of the study was to assess of changes in mice internal organs in case of sepsis modeling. Materials and Methods. The authors performed cecal ligation and puncture in mice (n=40) to form experimental peritonitis and severe sepsis. In the control group (n=10), a sham surgery was conducted: a midline laparotomy was followed by layer-by-layer deaf suturing of the surgical wound. Results. The authors observed CLP-induced disorders in all vital organs, especially in the liver (violation of the beam structure of the hepatic lobules with signs of balloon dystrophy and necrosis areas, leukocyte infiltration, plethora of sinusoids), kidneys (thinning of the visceral layer of the Bowman’s capsule, narrowing of the afferent arteriole lumen, balloon dystrophy of proximal and distal tubules, widespread disappearance of the brush border in nephrocytes) and the spleen (hyperplasia of the white pulp with a large number of apoptotic lymphocytes). Moreover, signs of mild inflammatory infiltration were observed in the skin. Conclusion. The morphological changes found during the study corresponded to the reaction of the test organs in sepsis. The proposed CLP method for experimental peritonitis can be used as a sepsis model. Keywords: sepsis, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), skin, inflammation. В настоящий момент остро стоит проблема лечения сепсиса. Для изучения данных морфофункциональных изменений используют модели на животных, например модель экспериментального перитонита – лигирование и пункцию слепой кишки (cecal ligation and puncture, CLP). Однако исследований, касающихся описания перестроек внутренних органов, в частности морфологической картины кожного покрова, проведено явно недостаточно. Цель исследования. Морфологическая оценка изменений внутренних органов мышей в условиях моделирования сепсиса. Материалы и методы. У мышей (n=40) проводили лигирование и пункцию слепой кишки для формирования экспериментального перитонита (CLP) и тяжелого сепсиса. В контрольной группе (n=10) осуществляли «фиктивную» операцию – срединную лапаротомию с последующим послойным глухим ушиванием операционной раны. Результаты. Во всех жизненно важных органах наблюдали нарушения, индуцированные CLP, особенно в печени (нарушение балочного строения печеночных долек с признаками баллонной дистрофии и зонами некроза, лейкоцитарная инфильтрация, полнокровие синусоидов), почках (истончение висцерального листка капсулы Боумена–Шумлянского, сужение просвета приносящих артериол, баллонная дистрофия проксимальных и дистальных канальцев, повсеместное исчезновение щеточной каемки в нефроцитах) и селезенке (гиперплазия белой пульпы с наличием большого количества апоптотических лимфоцитов), а также отмечали признаки слабой воспалительной инфильтрации в коже. Заключение. Обнаруженные в ходе исследования морфологические изменения соответствуют реакции исследуемых органов при сепсисе. Предложенный метод CLP для создания экспериментального перитонита можно использовать в качестве модели сепсиса. Ключевые слова: сепсис, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), кожа, воспаление.
The trigger in the violation of the immune response in sepsis is the release of a large number of pro- and antiinflammatory mediators, primarily cytokines and other biologically active substances. Despite the fact that a sufficient number of studies have been carried out in which an increase in the amount of cytokines in sepsis has been noted, there is no work on the study of similar changes in the skin, which is the largest protective barrier in the body, and, accordingly, plays a significant role in maintaining the immune homeostasis. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory skin mediators in experimental sepsis. Materials and Methods. Mice were used as experimental animals, which underwent surgery CLP. The object of the study is the skin, which was studied using the immunohistochemical method (antibodies to TGF-a, TGF-a, IL-12, IL-10, IL-6, CD206, CD163, CD68). Results. In case of sepsis, an increase in the proportion of immunopositive cells in the epidermis and dermis was found: TNF-(33.1 ± 1.2%); TGF-a (35.3 ± 1.4%); IL-12 (6.8 ± 0.3%); IL-10 (9.2 ± 0.9%); IL-6 (28.2 ± 0.8%); CD206 (12.9 ± 0.7%); CD163 (16.1 ± 0.8%); CD68 (28.4 ± 0.9%). Conclusion. An increase in the number of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis indicates the involvement of the epidermis in the general inflammatory process, due to a shift in the cytokine balance towards the predominance of pro-inflammatory mediators and M1-macrophages
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