The potential of two agricultural waste composts, Tea Waste Compost (TWC) and Tree Bark Compost (TBC), as soil amendments was investigated for container production of 'Great Lakes 118' lettuce. Nine growing media mixtures including 3TWC+1Soil (on a volumetric basis), 1TWC+1Soil, 1TWC+3Soil, 3TBC+1Soil, 1TBC+1Soil, 1TBC+3Soil, 1TWC+1TBC, 1TWC+1TBC+1Soil, and Soil (control), were arranged in four blocks. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Great Lakes) seeds were directly sown in 2 liter pots. No supplementary fertilization was applied until commercial harvest. Due to the variation in date of commercial harvest, lettuce heads in each treatment were harvested as soon as they reached commercial maturity stage. Results revealed that either type of compost increased yield over control (soil based media). However, growth, dry matter accumulation, and head weight was lower in TBC amended media than that of TWC amended media. In addition to head yield, it was shown that crop maturity was positively affected with compost application. Earlier crop obtained in soilless media, while the crop in non amended soil reached maturity 3 weeks later.

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Lilium ledebourii (Chelcheragh lily) is distributed in the Damash of Ammarloo and Kalchooleh of Dorfak areas of Guilan province in Iran. Seed germination was promoted at constant 17°C or 14°C and inhibited at constant 26°C or 29°C. When seeds were treated initially at 29°C or 26°C followed by 14°C and 17°C, respectively, germination percentage was increased. While when seeds were exposed to alternating temperature (initially at 14°C and 17°C followed by 29°C and 26°C), seed germination was the lowest or inhibited. In other experiments, seeds were pre-treated for 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks at 3-5°C, then planted in pots and placed at constant 15, 20, 25, or 30°C. Germination percentage was the lowest at 15 and 25°C and completely inhibited at constant 30°C, regardless of the duration at 3-5°C. Only when seeds were pre-treated at 3-5°C for one week, germination percentage was the highest at 20°C. Also, germination percentage at constant 20°C without cold temperature was about 50%. Germination percentage was recorded as a bulblet and root forming per seed. Bulblets were initially dormant, and leaves did not emerge. When bulblets were treated at 3-5°C for 12 weeks, sprouting of seed bulblets prodeeded directly at 20°C.