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In the present work, we have designed a low-cost spin coater using the Arduino Uno board. The advantage of selecting Ardunio is, it has pulse width modulation (PWM) based pins. Depending on the width of the pulse, the output voltage changes which will intern changes the speed of the DC motor connected to the PWM pin. The thickness of deposited film using spin coater depends on RPM and duration of rotation. The rotation of the substrate during deposition has three stages a gradual increase in RPM, maintaining constant RPM over a while, and a gradual decrease in RPM. All these parameters can be controlled by an Arduino board. An Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide film was deposited on glass substrate using Arduino based spin coater. X-ray diffraction, UV – VIS spectroscopy, and FTIR methods were used as characterization techniques. Hexagonal crystal structure of deposited AZO layer was confirmed by XRD and optical band gap, transparency were calculated by UV-VIS spectroscopy.

The nature of the solvent used to synthesize nanomaterial is one of the key factors that can influence the properties of nanomaterials. In this study, seed solutions containing various solventsblending were prepared at 0.2M concentration to fabricate Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-thin films by the dip coating technique. Organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol and 2-Methoxyethanol were used to prepare the solvent blending. Various characterization techniques such as XRD diffraction, surface morphology studies using an electronic microscope (FESEM), Raman spectrum analysis, and double beam optical spectrum analysiswere adopted to investigate the influence of solvent blending on nanomaterials' properties. X-diffraction studies confirmed the formation of the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure of ZnO. Electronic microscopic images evaluated the surface morphology and particle size. The presence of E2 (High) optical vibrating mode in Raman spectra of all the deposited thin films showed that ZnO has a hexagonal crystal structure. Finally, the UV-VIS spectra of the deposited films showed that the optical bandgap varied with the size of the particle clusters.

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