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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have transformed over recent years with incredible development in design of smart real time applications. In spite of countless potential, it poses numerous design issues like fault tolerant communication, low latency, scalability, transmission media and coverage problems. One of the foremost design issues of WSN is to detect the run time fault because it is unaware of internal operation of the sensor node. As a result, valuable sensed information is unable to reach its destination and performance start degrading throughout the routing period of the network. To address this issue, the proposed mechanism design a novel Pre-fault detection mechanism based on fuzzy rule based mechanism for multilevel transmission in distributed sensor networks. Many researchers have been focused on fault detection mechanisms without considering the dynamic behavior status of sensor node. In this proposed mechanism the Fuzzy decision rule set is identified to take routing decisions based on fuzzy fault count status. This mechanism helps to recognize the fault in advance and a routing decision has been taken in order to save energy as well as minimize delay. On the basis of node fault status data transmission rate is finalized in order to avoid more energy depletion. The experimented simulations results prove the accuracy of the proposed mechanism. The results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism performed well on judgment evaluation metrics such as energy dissipation ratio, packet drop rate and communication delay.

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