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RÉSUMÉ la présente étude descriptive a évalué la fréquence de certains facteurs de risque pour la grossesse à haut risque chez les femmes de la région de Sousse. Elle a été menée du 15 février au 15 août 2005 auprès de l'ensemble des femmes ayant accouché au-delà de 28 semaines d'aménorrhée dans quatre maternités publiques et présentant au moins un facteur de risque. La collecte des données a été effectuée dans les 24 heures qui ont suivi l'accouchement à partir des dossiers obstétricaux et fiches de consultation prénatale et par entretien. Sur 4660 femmes, 1194 (25,6 %) avaient au moins un facteur de risque et étaient considérées comme des grossesses à risque. Les femmes à risque avaient un âge moyen de 31,3 ans (ET 5,4) ; 73 % étaient d'origine urbaine, 38 % avaient un niveau d'étude secondaire ou supérieure et 75 % étaient des femmes au foyer. La moyenne des facteurs de risque est de 1,5 par femme. La majorité des femmes (59,3 %) avaient un facteur de risque et 30,4 % en avaient deux. La moyenne des visites prénatales était de 4 ; 68,6 % ont été assurées par un obstétricien et 43 % des femmes ont recouru au secteur privé. Certains facteurs ont été insuffisamment dépistés : âge > 35 ans, parité > 4, antécédent de faible poids de naissance et de décès néonatal, hauteur utérine excessive et anémie. This descriptive study assessed the frequency of selected risk factors for high risk pregnancy (HRP) among women in Sousse region. All pregnant women (beyond 28 weeks gestation) giving birth in 4 public maternity hospitals between 15 February 2005 and 15 August 2005 and who had at least 1 risk factor were enrolled. Data were collected within 24 hours of birth from obstetric and antenatal records and by interview. Of 4660 pregnant women, 1194 (25.6%) had at least 1 risk factor and were considered at-risk pregnancies. Mean age of the at-risk women was 31.3 (SD 5.4) years, 73% were urban residents, 38% had secondary education or higher and 75% were housewives. The mean number of risk factors was 1.5 per woman. The majority of women (59.3%) had 1 risk factor and 30.4% had 2. The mean number of prenatal visits was 4, 68.6% were seen by an obstetrician and 43% used the private sector. Certain factors were inadequately screened: age > 35 years, parity > 4, previous low birth weight and neonatal death, excessive fundal height and anaemia.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the monitoring role exerted by large institutional investors and their ability to restrict the earnings management practices conducted around seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 130 French SEOs by non-regulated firms during 2004-2015. The authors used various cross-section, univariate and multivariate tests using several proxies for earnings management. They attempt to highlight that firms issuing SEOs are more able to manage earnings around SEOs owing to the predominance of large speculative institutional investors. Noteworthy, the monitoring role exerted by sophisticated institutional investors turns out to restrict the earnings management opportunities surrounding a SEOs event. Findings The results show that the issuing firms tend to manipulate earnings in an upward trend with respect to the year preceding the SEO offer. Thus, a special attention has been drawn on the fact that the issuing companies strive to prove their ability to manage earnings around SEOs in presence of large speculative institutional investors. Practical implications The results provide useful insights into the role different types of institutional investors play in terms of enhancing both governance and accounting information quality. Originality/value This paper adds to the literature questioning the evidence that institutional investor activism frequently engage in misleading earnings management around corporate events. The authors provide an alternative explanation for earnings management around SEOs in the French context.

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