In this study, the role of hydrostatic pressure on staurosporine-induced neural differentiation in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were investigated. The cells were cultured in treatment medium containing 100 nM of staurosporine for 4 hours; then the cells were affected by hydrostatic pressure (0, 25,50, 100 mmHg). The percentage of cell viability by trypan blue staining and the percentage of cell death by Hoechst/PI differential staining were assessed. We obtained the total neurite length. Expression of β-tubulin III and GFAP (Glial fi brillary acidic protein) proteins were also analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The percentage of cell viability in treatments decreased relative to the increase in hydrostatic pressure and time (p < 0.05). The results revealed that total neurite length increased in cells treated with 25 mmHg hydrostatic pressure and decreased in those treated with 100 mmHg hydrostatic pressure (p < 0.05). Low hydrostatic pressure as a mechanical force can improve neural differentiation in mMSCs (mouse mesenchymal stem cells) (Tab. 3, Fig. 7, Ref. 30). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.