<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tranexamic acid (TXA) is antifibrinolytic drug which has the property to reduce intraoperative and postoperative bleeding. There are several studies supporting the use of tranexamic acid in total knee replacements (TKR) and few in total hip replacements. Our study was intended to establish the effects of tranexamic acid in minimizing the intra operative and post-operative blood loss in uncomplicated primary total knee replacement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective follow up study conducted in Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital Bangalore, over a period of 14 months from June 2015 to August 2016. A total number of 60 patients who underwent unilateral primary total knee replacement were included for this study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I patients infused (intravenous) with 20 mg/kg TXA before incision and 3 hours after surgery whereas no TXA was administered in Group II. Total blood loss and transfusion rate were used as outcome. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean amounts of blood loss were 578 ml in Group 1 and 946 ml in Group 2. There was a decrease in blood loss in TXA groups (p<0.001). Transfusion was required in 6 patients of Group I and 17 patients of Group II (p<0.001). No thromboembolic problem was seen in any patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Since TXA decrease perioperative blood loss and lessen the need for blood transfusion significantly, without increasing thromboembolic events in TKR. We suggest using intravenous (IV) TXA in TKR. </p>
Background: Tennis elbow (Lateral epicondylitis) frequently encountered myotendinosis affecting around 3 -5% of population. Its an ECRB insertion overuse injury at the lateral epicondyle of humerus affecting dominant arm. Non-operative treatment is successful in 80% of patients with tennis elbow. Recent research papers indicates autologous blood injection at the insertion of ECRB proved to be effective in decreasing pain in intermediate and long term period Aims and objectives: To compare the effectiveness of steroid and autologous blood local injection in terms of controlling pain and disability in short term. Methods: This was a single blinded randamised control study done in Rajarajeshwari medical college and hospital, Bengaluru. Total no. of 40 patients, divided in to 2 groups. One group injected at the site of lateral epicondyle with steroid (methyl prednisolone acetate-40mg) and another group with autologous blood (2ml of venous blood). Patients were followed up at 1 st , 4 th , and 12 th week, pain and disability assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) and Nirschl staging. Results: At 1st week corticosteroid injection group (Group I) recorded a statistically significant decrease in pain (VAS Score) compared to autologous blood injection group. At 4th week both group patients had decrease in pain and disability but statistically not significant when compared to each other. At 12th week review, autologous blood injection group (Group II) recorded statistically significant decrease in pain (P-0.0146) and disability (P-0.0001) compared to corticosteroid injection group. Conclusion: Since autologous blood injection at the lateral epicondyle on OPD basis showed significant improvement in pain and disability, we recommend using same for the treatment of tennis elbow.
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