Field experiments were performed in Austria, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru as part of an F A O / I A E A Co-ordinated Research Programme to investigate the nitrogen fixing potential of cultivars and breeding lines of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Each experiment included approximately 20 bean genotypes which were compared using the 15N isotope dilution method. Great differences in nitrogen fixation were observed between and within experiments, with average values of 35% N derived from atmosphere (% Ndfa) and highest values of 70% Ndfa being observed. These values which were larger than had been reported previously for common bean, were observed only when environmental factors were favorable. Therefore, common bean lines are available, which can support high biological nitrogen fixation. These can be used either directly as cultivars for production or in breeding programmes to enhance nitrogen fixation in other cultivars.
El maíz (Zea mays L.) posee una amplia base genética como resultado de los múltiples procesos de selección, adaptación y manejo. Una característica importante de los genotipos es su patrón de distribución del nitrógeno derivado del fertilizante (Nddf). En este trabajo se estudió la distribución de Nddf de dos variedades de maíz, mediante el isótopo 15N como marcador. Los resultados mostraron que la distribución del nitrógeno en la planta varió con la época de aplicación del fertilizante. Cuando la aplicación se hizo en la etapa de emergencia de la segunda hoja y en la de inicio de la floración masculina, las variedades mostraron diferencias significativas, pero no así cuando se aplicó en la siembra.
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