A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of elements zinc (Zn), boron (B) and sulfur (S) and their interactions on quantitative and qualitative agronomic characteristics of rapeseed. Minimum grain oil and seed yield were obtained from control treatments and the highest seed yield were obtained from S + B + Zn treatments. The maximum of oleic acid (229.6 mg g -1 ) and linolenic acid (27.14 mg g -1 ) were obtained from B + Zn + S treatment. Maximum of linoleic acid (55.55 mg g -1 ) were obtained from B + Zn treatment. However, the highest superoxide dismutase activity was obtained from S + B + Zn treatments 10.24 unit mg -1 and the highest peroxidase activity were obtained from Zn treatment 0.87 µmol g -1 FM min. Regard to this experiment results, application of B, S and Zn fertilizers with NPK fertilizer can help to increase the yield and yield components in rapeseed. Also fatty acids composition of rapeseed are influenced by nutrients and since quality of edible oils depends on unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic and linolenic acids and these acids are essential fatty acids for the human body that must be supplied through diet. Therefore this research showed that we are not only able only to increase oil yield but also oil quality with desired fatty acid composition. Izveden je bil poljski poskus za preučevanje učinkov Zn, B in S ter njihovih interakcij na količinske in kakovostne agronomske lastnosti oljne ogrščice. Najmanjša pridelka zrnja in olja sta bila dobljena v kontrolnem obravnavanju in največja pri obravnavanju S + B + Zn. Največ oleinske (229.6 mg g -1 ) in linolenične kisline (27.14 mg g -1 ) je bilo pri obravnavanju B + Zn + S. Največ linolenične kisline (55.55 mg g -1 ) je bilo doseženo pri B + Zn obravnavi. Največja aktivnost superoksid dizmutase je bila pri S + B + Zn obravnavi (10.24 enot mg -1 ) in največja aktivnost peroksidaze pri obravnavi samo s cinkom (0.87 µmol g -1 FM min). Glede na rezultate raziskave sklepamo, da uporaba B, S in Zn gnojil s NPK gnojili lahko pomaga povečati pridelek in njegove dele pri oljni ogrščici. Gnojila vplivajo tudi na sestavo maščobnih kislin v olju, kar vpliva na kakovost jedilnega olja, ki je odvisna od vsebnosti nezasičenih maščobnih kislin, predvsem linoleične in linolenične, ki sta za človeka esencialni in jih mora dobiti s hrano.V tem pogledu je raziskava pokazala, da nismo sposobni le povečati pridelka olja ampak tudi dosegati željeno sestavo maščobnih kislin v njem.

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Garlic is primarily grown for its cloves used mostly as a food flavoring condiment. Previous studies carried out on plant density indicate its direct influence on yield. Plant density depends on the genotype, environmental factors, cultural practices, etc. This study was established to determine the effects of different between-row spacing on growth, yield, and quality of four local accession of garlic. It was laid out on two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during two years. Four local accession of garlic (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz and Hamedan) were culture in three between-rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) during two years. The results of two cultivated years were different. Plant density changed when garlic cultured with different between row spacing. In present research plant yield increased when the lower between row spacing and high plant density were used but the yield improvement occurring at increased plant stand is offset by the reduction in bulb size and some quality indices such as total phenol and antioxidant which severely affects quality and market value, when garlic is produced for fresh market.Keywords: harvesting index, bulb yield, antioxidant capacity, total phenol Espaçamento entre linhas e acessos locais na produtividade e qualidade do alho ResumoO alho é cultivado principalmente por seus dentes e é usado principalmente como um condimento. Estudos anteriores realizados sobre densidade de plantas indicam a sua influência direta sobre o rendimento. A densidade de plantas depende do genótipo, fatores ambientais, práticas culturais, etc. Este estudo foi estabelecido para determinar os efeitos de diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas no crescimento, rendimento e qualidade de quatro acessos locais de alho. O delineamento foi blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial, com três repetições, durante dois anos. Quatro acessos locais de alho (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz e Hamedan) foram cultivados em três espaçamentos entre linhas (15, 25 e 35 cm) durante dois anos. Os resultados de dois anos cultivados foram diferentes. A densidade de plantas foi alterada quando o alho foi cultivado em diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas. Na presente pesquisa a produtividade por planta aumentou quando o espaçamento entre linhas foi inferior e alta densidade de plantas foram utilizadas, mas a melhoria de rendimento ocorre melhor estande de plantas e redução no tamanho do bulbo e de alguns índices de qualidade, tais como fenóis totais e antioxidantes que afetam severamente a qualidade e valor de mercado, quando o alho é produzido para o mercado in natura.Palavras-chave: índice de colheita, produção de bulbos, capacidade antioxidante, fenóis totais

Producing new adapted oilseed rape cultivars among the available resources of rapeseed would be a valuable method to increase the cultivar diversity in the tropical regions. Low adaptable and high yield cultivars resources of oilseed rapes are now available in the tropical regions of Iran. The current study aimed to identify new high yield and adaptable genotypes adaptable across various tropical regions. To this end, 20 new genotypes and a check variety (Dalgan) were cultivated in the tropical regions of Iran based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during the 2019 to 2020 cropping season. The experimental sites are composed of five locations, including Gorgan, Sari, Rasht, Borazjan and Zabol. During the growth season, several phenological and quantitative traits were recorded. Combined ANOVA revealed significant genotype by environment interaction for all studied quantitative traits. Days to start flowering and days to end flowering showed the highest heritability. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between yield and flowering period, the number of sub-branches and also the number of pods per plant, but a negative and significant correlation with the days to maturity. Path analysis showed that the days to maturity had the most negative direct effect on yield and the days to start flowering, while the number of sub-branches had the most positive direct effect on yield. Canonical correlation showed that yield is correlated positively with phenological traits. The principal component analysis showed that the two first components covered 68.07% of all data variations which 12 genotypes were correlated with these two components. Cluster analysis categorized evaluated genotypes into three main groups. Finally, eight genotypes (from class 2 of the cluster) were selected in the current study, which had high yield and adaptability in the tropical regions of Iran.