Background: Stevia rebaudiana is a shrub-like plant that belongs to the sunflower family and is commonly referred as stevia.It is 1000 times sweeter than sugar even at a very low concentration. Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that generates oxygen species and catalyzes the production of uric acid from purine metabolism.Overproduction of uric acid results in a  clinical condition called gout. The aim of this study is to explore the phytochemicals, antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory potential of methanolic leaf extract of stevia rebaudiana. Methods: Methanolic leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana was prepared by the Hot Percolation method. Phytochemical screening was done to analyse the presence of various phytochemicals. The leaf extract was tested for its antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory potentials. The data were analyzed statistically by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test was used to see the statistical significance among the groups. The results with the p<0.05 level were considered to be statistically significant. Results: It was observed that the methanolic leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana has significant antioxidant potential (Ic50 of = 310 μg/ml) as well as xanthine oxidase inhibitory potentials(Ic50 of = 270 μg/ml) and the activity increased in a dose dependent manner as compared to that of standard (Vitamin C and Allopurinol respectively). Conclusion: The study proves the antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory efficacy of Stevia rebaudiana and throws light on the prospects of drug formation against oxidant activity and gout formation.

Background: Lung cancer is still the most common cause of carcinoma-related death in the globe. Non-pharmacological treatments such as physical activity and exercise have been shown to improve quality of life and provide better results in lung cancer patients. Lung cancer patients usually lack adequate amounts of physical activity and exercise, both of which can improve quality of life. Aim: To analyse Chemotherapeutic potential of endogenous serotonin replica mediated through   β-catenin/Wnt signaling in lung tumor cell lines (A549). Methods and Materials: The National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India, provided the human lung cancer cell line (A549). MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Real-time PCR was used to examine -Catenin mRNA, Wnt mRNA, and GSK mRNA gene expression. The significance of the acquired data was determined using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test with Graph Pad Prism version 5. Duncan's test was used to determine significance at the 0.05 level. Results: The Results suggest that maximum inhibition of cell growth was at concentration (2-4 mM/ml) used in this study when compared to control. The cancer cells were significantly inhibited and it was found that there was notable reduction in GSK mRNA gene expression, β-Catenin, Wnt  when compared to control at a dose of 2 mM/ml. Conclusion: It may be concluded, based on the analyses' findings and the study's limitations, that the role of exercise induced endogenous serotonin may act as the regulator of wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung cancer cells. The exercise may help in maintaining the equilibrium of the gene expression by modeling Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and act as a protective factor in prevention.