The study identified the levels of pollution such as turbidity, chloride, silica, solids and E-coli in potable water at the point of treatment in Eleyele treatment plant and at various points in the consumer premises, some distance away from the treatment plant to ascertain the quality of water in the pipe distribution network within Ibadan city. Water samples were collected at eleven different locations and subjected to physical, chemical and bacteriological tests and analyses. The results showed that the physical and chemical quality of Eleyele water works compete favourably with international standards such as those of the World Health Organization (WHO) but the bacteriological quality was suspect. Deterioration in water quality with respect to bacteriological quality in the distribution network could be as a result of pipe rust, and old age, leading to constant pipe leakages and burst wherein the E-coli contaminated water infiltrated into the pipe distribution network. In order to avoid E-coli contamination, the study recommends that maintenance of water pipe distribution networks should be planned, implemented and controlled at the same optimum level and operation as for the treatment facilities and the protection of the water source in order to meet international standards.

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This study focused on residents' knowledge of solid waste reduction, reuse and recycling (3Rs) as sustainable solid waste management (SSWM) options in Makurdi metropolis, a rapidly growing urban city in the North central (middle belt region) of Nigeria. The area surveyed covered low (zone I), medium (zone II) and high-density (zone III). Data used for this study were collected by the use of literature search, administration questionnaire (n=560), formal and informal interviews, and observational checklists. Analyses of the data revealed that > 72% of the respondents in the three environmental zones are aware of the fact that solid waste can be reused, reduced and recycled. The trouble is, merely knowing something is not, by itself, sufficient to generate beneficial outcomes. There is a need for the residents to be educated or informed on how solid waste can be reused and reduced from source. The Government needs to put uninterrupted electricity supply in place as a basic ingredient for small medium and large scale industry. The market for recyclable products should also be strengthened.

Considering the importance of air to human existence, air pollution is a critical issue that requires collective effort for its prevention and control. The anthropogenic activities keyed into a crystal responsibility which resulted in environmental dilapidation and ruin. One of the tools that can be used for such a campaign is Air Quality Index (AQI). This study carried out an air quality survey of some air pollutants in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria with the view to develop the AQI. The AQI was based on the concentrations of four pollutants. The index is calculated from the concentrations of the following pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, CO and SO2. The air quality sample was taking in July 2017 (rainy season) and January 2018 (dry season) for a period of one week in each season. Seven sampling points across two environmental zones in the study area, namely commercial and residential (high-income and low-income areas), were considered, resulting in 42 samples for each of the 4 air pollutants, totaling 392 samples. The results show that the AQI was generally lower during the rainy season than the dry season, and that the AQI in the high-income residential areas was most favorable, ranging from good to unhealthy for sensitive group. The worst scenario was recorded in the commercial environmental zones, which ranged from moderate to hazardous. There is a need for constant and continuous monitoring of air quality for development of AQI, which in turn will enable clear communication of how clean or unhealthy the air in the study area is; it will usher in environmental degradation, dilapidation and will ruin the awareness campaign.

The assessment of the management of the municipal solid waste (MSW) in Ado Ekiti being undertaken by Ekiti State Waste Management Board (ESWMB) was done using questionnaires distributed randomly to the users and government operatives of the service. The questionnaire responses were on a five-point scale, similar to the Likert’s scale, but not bipolar. The data was collected from the users of the main dumpsters, which are located at Opopogboro, Ajilosun, Atikonkon, Oja Oba and Odo Ado areas of the city. Also, the data from the operatives was collected from the driver and four labourers designated to collect waste from each dumpster. The people’s rating index (PRI), which was calculated from the weighted value of the responses to different questions, was used to determine the overall index value whose maximum value is 100. The rating was classified into five categories- bad, fair, fairly good, good, very good and excellent, to enable pragmatic assessment of each issue being assessed. The rating of the users varies from fair to fairly good while the rating of the operatives varies from fair to very good. The general better rating of the operatives compared to the users indicate the reason the state government is oblivious of the poor status of the management of the municipal solid waste (MSW) in Ado Ekiti. The findings in this study suggest that the state government needs to hold a stakeholders summit on effective management of MSW in Ado Ekiti. With this, critical issues relating to urgent need for improvement and increased funding from non-governmental organisations and the federal government will be resolved. In conclusion, the approach used in this study, which is not symmetrical and includes the perception of primary stakeholders appears to be pragmatic and suitable for foundational appraisal of the management of a basic MSW system.