and CO 2 emissions from the monoliths as well as δ 13 C signal of evolved CO 2 were done on day -4, -1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 after application of urine corresponding to 3.1 and 5.5 g N m -2 in the first and second experiment, respectively. The δ 13 C signal was also determined for soil organic matter, dissolved organic C and CO 2 evolved by microbial respiration. In addition, denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) and nitrifying enzyme activity (NEA) were measured on day -1, 2 and 7 after the first urine application event. Urine did not affect DEA, whereas NEA was enhanced 2 days after urine application. In the first experiment, urine had no significant effect on the N 2 O flux, which was generally low (-8 to 14 μg N 2 O-N m -2 h -1 ). After the second application event, the N 2 O emission increased significantly to 87 μg N 2 O-N m -2 h -1 and the N 2 O emission factor for the added urine-N was 0.18 %. However, the associated 13 C signal of soil respiration was unaffected by urine. Consequently, the increased N 2 O emission from the simulated low N-urine patches was not caused by enhanced denitrification stimulated by labile compounds released from scorched plant roots.