In the present study, five Black Bengal goats (Capra hircus) were used to investigate the bones of fore limb during January to June 2006. It was observed topographically that the scapula was more or less similar to other ruminant animal topographically with exception that, the presence of very short coracoid process, more or less oval shaped glenoid cavity and more extensive subscapular fossa. The humerus of adult Black Bengal goat was 12.06 ± 0.27cm in length. The diameter of shaft at the level of nutrient foramen was 4.24 ± 0.05 cm. The breadth of humerus was 1.66 ± 0.06 cm. The deltoid tuberosity was less prominent and there was shallow radial and olecranon fossa. The radius of adult Black Bengal goat was 11.12 ± 0.23 cm in length. The diameter of shaft of radius-ulna just below the interosseous space was 3.86 ± 0.12cm. The total length of ulna of adult Black Bengal goat was 14.20 ± 0.20 cm. The interosseous space was found very narrow in the present study. Six carpal bones arranged in two rows, four in proximally and two in distally were found in Black Bengal goat. Two fully developed digits were found in Black Bengal goat. Each digit had three phalanges. The total length of proximal phalanx of adult Black Bengal goat was 2.88 ± 0.08 cm, in the middle phalanx it was 1.88 ± 0.03 cm and in distal phalanx the length was2.56 ± 0.05 cm. In conclusion the present data suggest that, the anatomy of the bones of fore limbs of Black Bengal goat was differed slightly, both structurally and morphometrically with other ruminants and varied widely with non-ruminant animals.

Vero cells have been derived from the kidney of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) as mammalian continuous cell lines for biological research. Continuous culturing of Vero cells as well as maintenance of frozen stock is important for future use. Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and glycerol are two common cryoprotectants used widely to maintain frozen cell lines. DMSO, as a cryoprotectant in cryopreservation procedures, is detrimental to cells. A study was carried out to compare the effect of DMSO and glycerol as cryoprotectants on Vero cells. Vero cells were cultured and maintained using same nutrients and environment, following the modified protocol of Ammerman et al. (2008). After total cell counting the Vero cells were preserved in Cryocane at liquid nitrogen temperature (-196ºC). Two frozen stocks were made simultaneously from the cell suspensions of same concentrations using DMSO and glycerol. After one year of preservation post-thawed cell viability with glycerol was higher than with DMSO. Solutions of 10% glycerol could be the best choice as cryoprotectant for long-term (1 year) preservation of

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious acute viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants particularly goats and sheep, which causes severe economic losses. Since 1993 PPR has been endemic in goats in Bangladesh. The present study was a seroprevalence study of PPR antibodies in goats and cattle at St. Martin's Island in Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2013. There was no previous history of Rinderpest or PPR outbreak, and no Rinderpest vaccination. Blood samples were collected from 192 goats and 132 cattle randomly. All animals were apparently healthy, and were not vaccinated against Rinderpest or PPR. Serum antibody titre (competition percentage; CP value) was determined by a commercially available c-ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of PPR in goats was 37.5%. No serum samples from cattle were positive. In view of the high risk of PPR, a control strategy is proposed.Bangl. vet. 2014. Vol. 31, No. 2, 55-59

Twenty heart specimens of healthy indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) of different age group (04 groups) in Sylhet District were collected for gross morphology and morphometrical analysis of cusps or leaflets and papillary muscles to study the measurement of the lengt h of the free margin of the cusps of the aortic and pulmonary valves and anatomical assessment for future bioprosthetic purpose for heterografting in the cardiac valvular human patients. It was found that the pulmonary valves consisted of three semilunar valve leaflets, the wall of the sinuses, the interleaflet triangles, the commissures and the sinotubular junction; whereas the aortic heart valve leaflets of indigenous cattle were three in number: right, left and noncoronary. Each leaflet of the valve has a central lamina fibrosa at their free margin of which the thickened part in the midpoint of the lunula formed the corpus arantii. The length of the right and posterior pulmonary cusp in this study was statistically significant (p<.005) but the length of the left pulmonary cusp was not significant in all age groups of animal. The mean len gth of the right coronary cusps (RCC), left coronary cusps (LCC) and non coronary cusps (NCC) was statistically not significant irrespective of their age groups of animal studied. This valve might be used for manufacturing tissue valve for Bioprosthesis.

Different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and glycerol were used for cryopreservation of Vero cells. After total cell count Vero cells were preserved in liquid nitrogen. Two frozen stocks were made simultaneously from the cell suspensions of same concentrations using DMSO or glycerol at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 15%. After six months of cryopreservation both frozen stocks were used providing same nutrients and environment for the viability of the Vero cells. The cell viability analysis was performed immediately after thawing by Trypan Blue Exclusion Test. Both cryoprotectants showed a protective effect on Vero cells. When Glycerol was used, a maximum cell viability rate of 89.4% and a lowest cell viability rate of 63% were achieved at concentrations of 10% and 2.5%, respectively. On the other hand, DMSO at a concentration of 10% had the highest effect on cryoprotectivity and showed highest cell viability (75%), while at 15% concentration it showed the lowest cell viability (53%). It is suggested that DMSO and glycerol are appropriate protective materials for the cryopreservation of Vero cells. The solutions at concentration of 10% of DMSO and glycerol could be the best choice of cryoprotectant for long-term (6 months) preservation of