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The 1.5 km-large hydrothermal system of Balya is characterized by three alteration styles which from the outer halo towards the center are: (i) propylitic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of calcitedaphnite-albite-epidote-quartz-pyrite; (ii) argillic/phyllic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of sericite/muscovite-kaolinite-rutile-quartz + pyrite; (iii) advanced argillic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of alunite-jarosite-kaolinite-quartz-sericite __+ pyrite. Hornblende andesite is the protolith of the hydrothermal alteration system. Enrichment in Si, Sb and Rb, and depletion in Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, P, Ba, Sr, and Zn distinguishes the argillic/phyllic and advanced alteration types from propylitic alteration and the unaltered hornblende andesite protolith. REE distribution patterns indicate an essentially immobile behaviour of REEs during the alteration cycle. K-Ar age data for unaltered and hydrothermally altered rocks define a synchronous age of 25.3 __+ 1.2 Ma for both igneous and hydrothermal activity.

New kaolin deposits were discovered at two different locations in Sivas, Turkey. The first deposit was located in the north of a town called Zara, towards the east of another one called Kosedag. The second deposit was in the north of Susehri, on a mountain called Igdirdag. In this study, some physical and chemical properties of kaolin samples from those deposits were investigated after illustrating necessary geological information about the area. Mineral processing studies were also carried out to determine the suitable separation method and the related processing parameters, i.e. hydrocycloning for these two different types of kaolins.

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