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Researched are characteristics of social position of the ruling Elite in Modern Russia. As an object of analysis, used are publications by representatives of the political party “United Russia”, as well as address by the president of the Russian Federation to the Federal assembly of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the work is scientific development of K. Mannheim, according to which a certain social position determines a certain type of thinking. Analysis of documents (classical document analysis and content analysis) was used as method for obtaining information. The key concepts of ideological discourse were identified with the Soviet Union, efficiency, competition, stability, responsibility. Based on results of the analysis, conclusions were drawn about peculiarities of social position of the ruling elite: it is generally satisfied with its position in Russia, and therefore their main task is to preserve it. Practical field of activity of the Russian elite is the struggle for resources, which does not imply total change in the social system. The elite is not homogeneous and it’s groups are in a state of constant competition with each other for the possession of “status rent”, the main resource of the ruling elite (one of the main ones), through which it ensures it’s exclusive position, are imperious, and the main type of relations is hierarchical. This does not exclude existence of elite groups independent of the center. However, the main, system-forming type of relationship is hierarchical.

The purpose of this study is to determine the social status and environment of the counter-elite groups of the legal left opposition, represented by such political parties as the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and A Just Russia. The study is based on the relationship between social reality and ideology. The latter is not only a cover or justification by certain social groups of their momentary interests (private ideology), but also a reflection of the social position they occupy (total ideology). Some elements of self-positioning of the left legal elite, its social position and environment, attitude to the socio-economic formation existing in modern Russia, as well as a number of other nuances of the social structure of the Russian Federation are determined. In particular, it was established that Party representatives are not associated with the business elite; the desire to increase the number of supporters of left-wing parties should explain the refusal to focus on any particular social class and the active use of national identity (primarily Russians) in their ideological self-positioning; the circle of social contacts of the leaders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and “Fair Russia” is limited to groups of the bureaucratic and economic elite, as well as the sub-elite “expert” community (they do not enter into direct social contacts with other social groups); the social position of representatives of the two parties of the legal left opposition is generally similar.

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